67 10 9812 https://caspercollege.cvlcollections.org/files/original/adab7d9919f3f7771b91320284e8728a.pdf adc4ee70e373bf7aea5df401e161bf2e PDF Text Text PAET II ARIZONA �fh re^ J SILVER KING, ARIZONA C. yf Grace Middleton is an uncommon woman. She is young in heart, old in wisdom, and sassy enough to tell you that her exact age is none of your business! Wrinkles have locked her face in pleasant expression, and her eyes hold an unfailing sparkle. She is willing to visit with an occasional tourist but quick to turn away anyone she suspects of souvenir hunting. She is the owner, manager*and sole resident of Silver King, 't Grace and her husband, Gordon, came west to Silver King in 19^9. They were seeking solitude and the opportunity to mine enough silver to maintain their chosen way of life, Gordon, a mining engineer, had figured the mine dump could be reworked. New extraction methods would make the lowzgrade a paying proposition. reject ore A small house was conV^ structed, using lumber from the old mine buildings, and sorting of the dump ore with a bulldozer was undertaken. Grace became adept with the dozer^and on occasion undertook some blasting on nearby claims. When her husband died, Grace decided to remain at Silver King. She may well own the distinction of having lived in the town longer than any other resident, even though she arrived there 75 years after the initial discovery. Her life 7 �is rugged — and she prefers It that way. She has no running water, gas^or electricity. A friend stops by periodically to and take her to town to shop replenish the water supply. She That contentment shows in her face, is content with her life. belying an age of fourscore and more. She possesses a great sense of history concerning her town and has Indeed been an integral part of that history for the past quarter century. In 1872 Pinal Ransre. the army undertook to build a road through One of the steep portions of the road became named after the general in known as Stoneman's Grade, command. Two soldiers, enlistments expired and happy to be free of the road crew, headed for the town of Florence. Near the foot of Stoneman’s Grade they noticed a peculiar outcrop One of them, named Sullivan, collected a few samples, of rock. remarking about their weight. In an attempt to crush the samples, he found that the rock tended to flatten rather than pulverize. Puzzled, but with an idea of what they might have found, the men took the sample^ with them. In Florence, Sullivan showed the samples to a friend, Charles Mason, and apparently left one chunk/sWlth htgi without revealing the location of the find, ) Sullivan went on west, and Mason quickly had the sample assayed. It proved to be nearly pure silver chloride. back along the soldiers' route Mason prospected but failed to locate the outcrop. Three years later. Mason and four friends were packing ore out of the Globe area when they were attacked by Apaches, -S' �One of the party was killed above Stonenian‘s Grade, and his body burled on the pass Owe o:^tho old roadscamp oven^ was utilized as a grave. After descending the grade, the mules were put to water. One of the animals strayed and was finally located on a knoll that held dark, dense outcrops of ore identi^ cal to those Sullivan had showed Mason years before* The four men filed equal claims, and Silver King was born. Two miles north, the Fortuna Mine opened up. An old Mexican wood hauler found that outcrop just under Fortuna Peak, while cutting wood for the Silver King. He sold it for $100,00 " $50 in cash, $50 in liquor. In 1881, after millions in silver had been extracted from the original discovery, a man named Sullivan appeared at the site. He had been west to earn a stake so biMi* he could come back to work his discovery. and town were built atop his find. To his amazement, a mine He was graciously offered a job in the mill. Mason and his friends eventually sold their shares in the mine. The first share went for $80,000^ and third for somewhat more. JPhe second The fourth partner held out for $300,000. Between 1875 and 1888 the Silver King Mine took $17 out -i^mlllion <»o3.1arB worth of silver. Most of it was refined at Pinal City. The stage carrying the bars was held up several times, the robbers escaping over the hills with the bars loaded �on mules. The company solved that problem by pouring the silver out in bars too heavy to be toted by man or mule. Silver Kiner at its peak boasted two hotels, a combination church-school-dancehall, several saloons, and residences for 200 families. Now one is hard pressed to find even the foundations of most of the buildings. The large two- story company headquarters still stands on a knoll overlooking the collapsed remains of the machine shop. Down the hill a bit are two sinsrle-story rock buildings with plastered ln-<^ side walls and tongue:andsgroovefj^ wooden ceilings. Near the rock buildings, on a low hill, stands a small group of frame buildings. Grace Middleton lives in one of these sunbleached structures near the entrance to town, a location necessary for the protection of her property. I happened to stop in tu " Just after she^^had a run-in with some hippies had made s©vgi*sl1 off with windows frames and all'J^ from one of the old residences on the grounds. Her tone was distinctly cool as she told me of the windows and the recent theft of her camera and battery radio. of the vandals. She had been quite abrupt in her treatment She stood in the shade of her doorway, surrounded by her numerous dogs of various breed, and told me of her troubles, slowly graduating to the history of the town and ending with an expression of her deep affection for the place. As I listened, I made friends with the dogs. �An hour later I was proud to be considered a friend of Grace Middleton, Queen of the Silver King. MAP NOTEj The Superior, Arlzona^United States Geological Survey 15 minute topographic map shows the area as it was in 19^8. The 7^ minute map of the same name shows the Silver King area as it appeared at a later date, and in somewhat greater detail. �SONORA. ARIZONA The old 1910 "Ray and Vicinity" map shows a number of satellite towns surrounding the coppertown of Ray. This map, revised in 191? to correct for changes in "culturef^ shows no highways, only graveled roads. The Ray and Gila Valley Railroad Line is shown most prominently. The rail line reached Ray via the Mineral Creek Valley and terminated in a tangle of switch yaixis and side tracks. The mining of copper in 1917 was predominantly, underground. A small open pit is shown between the "M and H" and the *^^bunal "*^hafts on the southwest slope of Humbolt Hill, The Ray, Madeline, Pearl Handle, Hecla, Sun, Flux, and Calumet X^iafts were all within the vicinity of town. The Burbank, Reed, Mineral, and Amanda j3?unnels bored into the hills a mile to the south. The settlement called Ray^^eadquarters of the Ray Mining Company) was established in 1881 and named after the Ray Mine, which had earlier been given that name in honor of its discoverer's sister, Ray. The town proper was built in 1909 by the Hercules Copper Company. By 1915 satellite residential towns^spruny up around Ray, j (^To the northwestwere Boyd Heights and Arnericantown. To the southwest, Sonora and Barcelona occupied the gentle slopes leading to Sonora Hill, �Sonora was the lara-est of the frrouo of satellites^ and^accordin«7 to the map, was composed of sixty-odd square blocks. The town was established in 1912 by the Mexican employees of the Hay Consolidated Copper Company and was named (as were a orreat many Mexican mininc- camps) after the Mexican Xtate of Sonora, on the Arizona border. Buildings lined the perimeters of the blocks. Courtyards were left in the center^ in typical Spanish style. In the center of town, a four-square-block area was reserved for the town hall. Smperor Hill once separated Ray and Sonora, but things have changed radically. The hill is now a deep pit, boundaries ef^h;^h havo encroach®^ uoon the sites of all four of the surrounding towns. have been leveled Barcelona and Sonora but are yet to be excavated. The found^ tions and street patterns are still readily visible. On Sonora Hill, Kenn^cott Copper, the present operator of the mine, ha^ built an overlook permitting a areneral view of the area. One had to stand on or climb over the fence in order to view the remains of the old towns}^ a practice frovmed on e by Kenn^cott, a short hike around the south side of Sonora Hill to the old water tank will provide an excellent view of both townsites. Just when the .town of Sonora was leveled, is indefinite ~ at least*'the^^State Archives could provide no record of the event. That it is leveled is certain, and it’s �only a matter of time before the huge maws of the lan^trippers eat their way through the site, removing all evidence of Sonora’s e existj^nce. MAP NOTSt The Hay and Vicinity, Arlzona^l910 United States Geological Survey topoccranhic/^^map shows all of the old towns mentioned. The 1964 Sonora and Teapot Mountain, Arizona^7^ minute maps show the same area, drastically changed by openx pit mining. �ARIZOMA ARSA 2 CL SAT OR, ARIZONA^ On the flats between Crazy Basin and Turkey Greek, overlooked by Townsend Butte and Hercules Hill, are the rem­ nants of the once thr Ivina- town of Cleat or Orlarlnally called Turkey, the town came Into exist /^nce In 1902 as a sldlna on the Prescott and Eastern Railroad The line was built southward from Mayer to the Grown King Mine first paralleling Cedar Canyon, then climbing abruptly for^^ tortuous miles to the mines Just under 7100sfoot Wasson Peak. At the lower end of the grade, near the point where the tracks crossed Turkey Creek, a siding was built to provide service for the nearby Golden Turkey Mine. Later the siding also served the Golden Belt, St, John’s, Gray Goose, Silver Cord, and Golden Pheasant >Mlnes, In 1903 the siding had accumulated a store, saloon, and a number of residences. That year the settlement was granted a post office under the name of Turkey. L. P. Neills ran the saloon and store. owned the town. He literally He wasn’t too happy being a towns owner, often stating that he would rather run cattle on his nearby spread than ride herd on his saloon patrons. James Patrie Cleator, sailor turned prospector, stopped by the saloon In 1905. Neills and Cleator, over a drink or two, developed a fast friendship. Within the day �they had formed a partnership which eventually found Cleator running the store and Silis the cattle. The town grew as new mines opened. Within a dozen years the population reached an estimated :^00. SSe old picture taken during this period g^»^wogp^ore than sixty substantial frame homes, with a second^ncountable group of residences in a poorly focused background. In 1925 the postal department, claiming confusion between Turkey and another similarly named post office, re quested a name change, James Patrie Cleator (pronounced Cleeter) was no doubt Instrumental in choosing the new name Soon CLEATOR replaced TURKEY on the saloon’s false front During the late twenties and early thirties, the mines closed down one after the other, stricken by the epidemic schoolhouse of the depression. During the thirties a rock was V/FA built with WrA*. labor, and the original schoo converted to a residence. When the railroad abandoned service in 1933, Cleator suffered a second shrinkage. away Most of the homes were hauled and the steel works of the mines scavenged for scrap, James Cleator became the sole owner of the remains of the town, and in 19^7 he decided to sell it ~ store, saloon residences.and all. He promptly placed an ad in the Arizona r ------------ Republic, The ad created a lot of interest and a sudden surge in business but failed to result in the sale of the town or �any part of it, James Cleator died In 1959. and his son took over the town. Today the store and a saloon remain with little chanye. The brands of yasollne and booze have changed. town now has 0 or T residents, according to a gentleman en joying a cold drink at the store. He explained that the population estimate had to remain Indefinite "cause you don't know when someone goln' to the big city ain't coming back." MAP l'TOTSs 01 eat or Is shown on the Mayer, Arizona 15 s United States Geological Survey topograohlc map �■AHIgJMA PITJTQ DlOgAIPriJir? .Mo. 70 • Grace Middleton, Queen ofSilver King^ * Mo. 71. Collapse o^^chine ^ed at «w Silver King Mine Is Imminent. . No. 72 . Company headquarters and guest house of the Silver King Mining Company x^as one of the first resident tlal buildings in Arizona to have electricity. . No. 73 • Hockcwalled and rocksroofed, this tiny house was once home to a hard-rock miner. • No. 7-^ . The remains of Sonora in the foreground will soon become e part of the expanding open pit of the Kenn^ott Mine. < No. 75* Undated photo shows the two main residential districts of Cleator. Hospital is at upper left. . No. 76 • The Cleator General Store as it appears todav^ �caow?^ KING, ARIZONA "Used to be more excitin bein’ there," claimed. gettin’ there than That’s what the olds-timer from near Mayer His description of the road to Crown King, along the old railroad grade. Included wild tales of driving the route in his Model A Ford. "Used to hang on the uphill side the tires on the rails off the ties," and keep nudgin’ so’s outside wheels wouldn’t drop His descriptions were liberally seasoned with strings of cuss words. Some combinations were as In^ ventlve as they were unprintable "When they took the rails up — that’s when it got J, X. a dam^site more hellish^" stated then proceeded to eX' plain about the switchbacks, "Those old switchbacks — they was the original switchbacks." He zigzagged his hands."They went like /A ' that — no turns. Just drove into it, stopped, threw the switch, then backed up to the next one, stopped, threw that switch, then pulled ahead to the next." He saw me taking notes, I answered that I intended to. rather stay unanimous." "You gonna print this?" "Well, in that case, I’d I told him I’d Vote for that. eyes took on a suspicious slant. His He paused, shifted his teeth, and then worked his way into another bunch of stories �Mostly the olds-timer talked about his prospectinc; days down in Nevada, around Gold Point. In the process of getting some information about Grown King, I ended up with so many stories about Gold Point that I determined to enter that town on my "must visit" list. I asked about the present condition of the road up to Crown King. "Tame " tame ~ wide as hell. Why they hauled a whole damn mill up there once, back when the road weren't so good." The road was a delight. The magnificent view never failed to calm the mild case of nerves generally encountered on precarious paths. Of particular note were the narrow one­ way rock cuts, unchanged from Wte railroading days. At first sight Crown Kino; did not appear to fit the description of a ghost town. Too many people wandered about, and too many cars passed by. It's only after a 001^^*^ plete tour that one can appreciate the number of old buildings remaining and subtract the effect of the remodeling and reuse of others. The general store is still in business, little changed for nearly 100 years. Most of its trade is seasonal, and most of the traffic consists of vacationers attempting to elude the ooo1 Arizona heat by escaping to the oot altitude of the Bradshaw Mountains. The old saloon looks exactly as an old saloon should. This venerable structure has had a number of names over the �door, the most recent being "Andersons’s and Van Tllborsr’s," Enough business remains in town to support a parts time barman, otherwise employed as a welder. It seems strange that a welder could make a living at his trade in this remote loca3^ tion, but dozens of smailt time mining operations are still perking in the area. Jury-rigged equipment, assembled from second^^nd parts, makes for frequent breakdowns and crood business for the bartender-welder. Gold was found in the Bradshaws in the early 1875?s. The rush that followed, termed the "Bradshaw Excitementf^ suited in the location of a number of paying mines. King was thought to be the finest The Grown but remained primarily a promoter's dream, due to the refractory nature (refusal to break down with heat) of the ore. The miserable nature of the ore was noted early, and only the best was sorted out and sent to Prescott by mule train Later the quality of the ore Improved, giving cause for a railroad to be built. As was usually the case, the railroewi brought prosperity to Grown King, and the population zoomed. There was no room for a roundhouse or circular turnaround. A triangular "back around" was built, utilizing the narrow creek beds that join at the towrCsite. The business part of town grew along one side of the triangle, and residences were built along the remaining legs. The Grown Kins: Mine closed tewn. in 1900. due to litigation. Gontinuing operations at the surrounding mines �kept the town and railroad solng. About 1910 Crown Kina: added two "used" saloons, the town of Oro Belle, a few miles to the south, had lately become deserted. Its two saloons were dismantled and hauled by mule back over the steep, narrow trail connecting: the two towns. He-/assembled, the access to hard liquor Improved, and the strict town rule agalns'^j weeks day drlnklna: became an unenforceable blue law. In the thirties, dumps at the Crown King Mine were S2.5 reworked. Assay reports showed that million In gold could be reclaimed. Porsrotten was the fact that this ore had been rejected as refractory. mill. Half a million was Invested In a new Fifty men were hlredAand the fading town of Crown King took on new life. Soon It was determined that the ore was resistant to the mill's best efforts. Managers were fired and new ones hired, yet the gap between assayed expectations and mill returns remained narrow — too narrow to allow profit. The mill closed. ' Some years later the post office was discontinued. Perhaps Crown King's most Interesting era was shortly after Its regular train service was curtailed. During this period It Is reported that autos, horses, foot traffic, and even occasional trains were using the same route. Automobiles frequently bounced down the ties, and passengers held their collective breath on the trestles. �The old duffer from Mayer had told me "you could scare hell out of you. look down throucrh those ties 200 feet And after they took up the rails betterl" the view got a daijlslte He gave me a cornering look, and I figured he was about to give my leg a calculated tug, "You know, we used to go up to the dance there every Saturday night. The guy drlvln* was supposed to stay sober, but we got to celebratin’ and didn’t keep count on him. We come down those tracks about dawn — ’course I wasn’t seeln’ too good, but I'd swear we passed that train on theswitchbackI" MAP MOTE: Crown King and surrounding sites are shown on the Crown King, Arlzona^l5 minute United States Geological Survey topographic map. Of interest are Lukes Hoist, Oro Belle, Fort Misery, and the Horse Thief Basin,Recreation Area. �OaO B3LLS. ARIZONA f Prom Grown Kin® In a half mile south. mile an excellent crravel road heads a branch heads west, and in another a Jeen road angles toward the south. A sign Indicates that Oro Belle Is^ that dlrectlon|^miles awayj'but also warns that passenger cars should not attempt It. It Is a fairly good Jeep road sized pickup. Actually but somewhat narrow for a full- I swallowed hard and often for two of thdse three miles, Oro Belle once occupied both legs of a swifcdhbaak. Now only a few shacks and tanks can be found on the uphill stretch. Across the gully and down the other side of the switchback are a number of old buildings, all of the ghostly qualitytotally befitting a completely deserted town. The most outstanding Is a large rock structure " probably the mine office and company store. It has fancy^embossed metal trim In both scroll and brick design. OnS wall leans out over the road, making It nearly Impassable. Behind this building, and Implying that more substantial buildings once existed. Is a rock wall more than 150 feet long. Built Into this wall Is a vault, Its door missing, reportedly stolen In the past few years. Apparently a bank or more company buildings once fronted the wall. To the south are several old frame buildings. one of them The cupola above would Indicate It had a need to expel un< wanted heat, which would make It an assay office a cook shack. or possibly �Somewhere alonsr the lower main street were located two saloons, a few stores, a deputy sheriff’s office, and a Justice of the peace court. For all law enforcement, it would be reasonable to assume that a sporting house or two also flourished here, although available history concerning the town makes no mention of such establishments. In the late iSpoTs >■ Georve P. Harrina:ton obtained title to some claims in the area. He shortly organized the Oro Belle Minlnsr and Milling Company stock. and proceeded to sell By 1900 the mines had proved their worth, and a mill was built to process ore from the Oro Belle and the Gray Eagle. The population of the town reached 200, with 100 of them miners. Forty men worked the day shift on the Oro Belle. Nearby, the Rapid Transit and Savoy ^nes were opera­ ting, although in & less spectacular fashion. A post office was granted the town, and the temporary name of Harrington was chancred to George Harrington proved to be Oro Belle. too nice a fellow, according to the company stockholders. They objected to his usinsr company funds to grubstake prospectors. He was fired, and a new boss was hired. of the penny-pinching variety Shortly, a revolt was mounted, and the new boss aA was given an ultimatum — better food and better pay work. Elsewhere burning of mills or no such miners' revolts had resulted in the and occasionally the suspension of the boss —A by the neck! ^66-- �The demands were granted, but^withln weeks, miners’ wases were cut back and the quality of the meals sank to a new low. The second revolt was more serious. were visible. The demands were restated. A few ropes The badly shaken manager conceded. He set off immediately to purchase fresh meat and produce. He never returned. Mines in the area reached the extent of their lodes in 1910. The good ore was gone, and the low;grade that was left wouldn’t pay wages, let alone milling fees. Soon both of Oro Belle’s saloons were dismantled and hauled muleback to Grown King. closed. In 1918 the post office The only signs of life now area few rattlers and a number of lizards]^"the latter frequently raising the pulse of visitors momentarily convinced they are confronted by the former. MAP NOTE* The Crown King, Arizona^15 minute United States Geological Survey topocrraphlc map shows Oro Belle and a vreat number of old mines in the surrounding mountains. �JEROME, ARIZONA Compared to deserted Oro Belle, Jerome is like Sunday on the freeway. However, the degree of desertion in the two towns is similar. deserted and Jerome ^0 Oro Belle is 100 per cent 98 per cent, having shrunk from its 1929 peak of 15,000 to its present two or three hundred stubborn souls, Glinfflng to the ^^rdecree slope of CleoT^' patra Hill, with its upper end ^00 feet higher than its 'r lower, the town comuactly occupies both sides of a number of switchbacks. The back side of a building may­ face one leg of the main highway, and the front will face another Since 1925, when a 25O:pound charge of dynamite was touched off underground, many of the buildings have been sliding slowly down the hill — some buildings at a three-eighths of an inch rate of 9^^* per month/ The Jail has slid a number of feet^ claim 300 feetj and across a highway. Three hundred ^3 -fl* feet is unbelievable, but so is the way people trust their houses to stay put and not slip down the hill in the middle of the night. Residents are seemingly unconcerned with their neoperpendicular life and continue to drive their automobiles into rooftop garages and climb down to their living rooms More than a thousand years ago the Tuzigoot Indians dug into the side of the hill to glean the brightly hued green and blue oxides of copper. The pigment was hicrhly valued as body ornamentation and pottery coloring. a The metallic content / �was not noted or valued, Sven the Spaniards who visited ths sites in the /Sixteenth Xentury failed to become in­ terested in the copper, for their Interest was gold. Several prospectors filed claims here in I876. M. A. Huffner and Angus (or August) McKinnon proved up on their claims then sold out to Territorial Governor Tritle for $2,000. The ^vernor sought financial help and found it in Sugene Jerome, a cousin of Winston Churchill. Mr. Jerome set down the stipulation that the town must bear his name. Previous to that time, the settlement had been called Eureka or Wade Hampton, for two of the earliest claims. The former was the Greek word for "I found it," name of the governor of South Carolina. and the latter the holdy^ ?f gffloo of CoTorr^r the State af jSauth Capelina,— First attempts to produce purs copper from the ore proved disappointing, and the mines were sold to William A, Clark, a Montana millionaire. Under his direction the United Verde grew to a profitable and complex operation. William Clark became one of the richest men in AmericaM and a United States Senator — and he did it, please note, in that order. At one time the town boasted ^grocery stores, houses of Joy, saloons, and two churches. The miners maintained their usual priorities. The population of Jerome began to decline during the depression, but in 1935 the Phelps Dodge Corporation �bousrht the operation foi"20 million. flollarcH Many thought the purchase ill-advised, but by 19^0, when the deposits thinned, the company had netted a profit oiJ’^UO million. The fis-ure seems substantial, but it represents only a small 4/ fraction of the sjfe billion ^&llai»n worth of copper, gold. silver^and zinc taken out of Cleopatra Hill MAP M0T3j Details of the town and its environs can be pinpointed, and an alls inclusive tour laid out, with the aid of the Clarkdale and Mingus Mountain, Arizona.15 minute topograohic maps. It seems only fitting that a town that sits on the steep slope that joins mountain to plainjJ^ls also found split in half ~ part on one map, the remainder on another. �STANTON, ARIZONA Pauline Weaver, In the year 1862 undertook to guide a group of prospectors Into the hills of central Arizona. He was a half-breed army scout temporarily off the payroll. His ability to negotiate and communicate with the Apaches made up for the fact that he had never been in the area before. One evening an antelope was shotbutchered camp set up beside a nearby creek. and This rather mundane series of events had happened before, but this time one little item would be added that would cause and Antelope Creek /yanother stream stream to be named Weaver Creek. above camp would become famous as 'Rich Hill.' The hill Two thousand miners would flood the vicinit:^and four towns would spring into being. party went in search. discovery. Their stock strayed.and some of the The event? As in many cases, the mules made the When the men found the stock they also found several thousand dollars’ worth of gold nuggets. The camp became permanent and was given the name of 'Antelope, ' later to be called the stage line passed through. change to Stanton at least murders. Antelope Station when Somewhat later that name would by means of a series of crimes, including In the meantime a town a few miles east, settled mostly by Mexicans, would be named in honor of Weaver. The town was to degenerate quickly into an outlaw hideout. Octave, �beyond Weaver, would yrow to a more substantial town, with the steadviny influence of a deep shaft bearing gold in quartz. Congress Junction, to the west, would grow up as a supply station for the Rich Hill Mining District, Charles P. Stanton arrived in Antelope Station, having recently been thrown out of a monastery on a morals charge. He obtained a decent Job in spite of his record but soon became disenchanted with his status as deputy county recorder and began to plot his way to success. He envied two successful storekeepers in the community, and by the diligent planting of rumors and countsr/^ rumors, he got Partridge and Wilson angry with each other. Things boiled over when a hOg got into Patridge’s cabin. , to the cabin Wilson was on his way oveg to apologize on behalf of his partner, the hog’s owner. Stanton saw his opportunity and tell that quickly had a Mexican cohort run toy^Partrldge tell hfan Wilson was gunning for him. Wilson dead on sight. As a result. Partridge shot He was tried and found guilty, part\ly on the basis of his confession^ which Stanton helpfully wrote out for him. Wilson’s partner, Timmerman, took over the store. Soon Timmerman’s body was found along the road, Stanton promptly moved the stage route so that it passed his own store, and erected a larcre sign which, in essence, renamed the town Stanton. �Charles ^Stanton was still not content. He now envied Barney ilartin, for Barney was still the staare agent, was told by some members of the Valenzuel gang Barney from Weavertown that he^better move out or he and his family would die. Barney sold out, packed up, and headed for Phoenix, leaving word with a good friend at Gold Water Station^"^^^ he would stop by on the way. When Barney failed to arrive, his friend. He found the charred re'^>^ Captain Galderwood, went in search. The Valenzuel gang was sus*>*’ mains of the wagon and family. pected, and Stanton was thought to be their leader. was tried for murder but found Innocent. that when Stanton finally died outlaw Stanton It is appropriate it was by the hand of another He had made advances toward and for "moral" reasons. Proilana, a young Mexican girl and close relative of Lucero, leader of a second gang in Weaver. Tom Pierson, on the way down from Crown King, reported that he met the fleeing Lucero. "I’ve killed Stanton and I’m headed for the border," stated Lucero as he rode past, "Stick around," hollered Pierson. "We’ll get you a reward." The ghost town of Stanton is about a mile and a half north and The" I’emainij lif.Atawtnin miles east of Congress Junction. north and Wo topographic maps are available for any of the towns in the vicinity. Three rather large buildings mark the site of the old town, but they have to be viewed from a distance. "Mo" signs* Mo Trespassing The area is surrounded with Mo Prospecting, Mo Piling of Claims �and^at an occupied residence a few hundred yards to the north a sign crowded In among more "No" signs proclaims, "Beware of the ^g. " I would have given ten bucks for a sign reading "Welcome to Stanton," and another five for the privilege of planting It at the outskirts of town. ) MAP NOTBi No United States Geological Survey topographic maps are available for the area. �W’SAVga, ARIZ JVA r Established in 1862 and all washed up by 19OO, the little town of Weaver led a short but varied life. was named in honor of the scout Pauline Weaver. It led the discovery party, Weaver was the half-breed son of a /White father and an Indian mother, the daughter of a tribal chief. Weaver was a highly respected army scout who had aided General Kearny in several Western campalcrns. Weaker died, reportedly from the shifting of a longsburied arrowhead, while asleep in an Indian camp on the outskirts of Camp Lincoln in 186?. Weaver was the biggest placer find in Arizona’s history. More than a million dollars’ worth of coarse gold was separated from the gravel^ of Weaver Creek, and untold smaller fortunes were literally picked off the vround on the upper slopes of Rich Hill. mlninpr peak. In 1888 the camp had reached its 9^ old photograph shows ^^substantial wooden buildings, a few rock and adobe structures, washers, and tents. By the 189^ large gravel: the goldtwashing business was fading, and hell-raising was taking over. long Before the town had the reputation of being an outlaw haven. In fact, it is claimed that no lawman dared set foot in Weaver, lest he disappear without a trace. Several gangs of outlaws operated out of the town in open fashion, frequently hired by outsiders like Stanton, to do some choice dirty work. Murders were common in town and seldom recorded. The cemetery �had a number of unmarked mounds, William Segna, in I898, had the honor of being the last murder victim in Weaver. (A He was a well-to-do saloon and mercantile operator — too well-to-do. Respectability returned temporarily in 1899 when However, due to a the town was granted a post office. sudden loss in population (everyone moved two miles away to Octave)^the post office was closed down in less than a year. The remains of Weaver can be found by traveling two miles east of Stanton, then taking a road north for a mile. The branch road to the north leaves the main road just short of the town of Octave. The old Weaver post office is still standing in pretty good shape. The building had two rooms customers, one for the postmaster. one for The rock walls are^^yU*\ thick, considerably reducing the available room inside insuring a cool environ. but The rock walls appear to have been laid up by two different workmen ~ one stout lesser strength. and and one of The rocks on the south side are huge^ and Jt- on the north are small. The doorway forms the demarkation. Several other rock buildings, an adobe structure with tin roof, two old frame mine shacks, and a concrete vault complete the standing remains. The vault is at the north end of town and seems to have been poured over a form shaped like a narrow-gai^e railroad car, then the form �removed from the inside. The form wood was narrow, fluted wainscoating, as evidenced by the fancy imprint left in the concrete. At the south end of town,on a hill to the east, stands the burned hulk of a small farmhouse. remains Alongside the is the charred trunk of a tree that once offered the home a moment of noon~day shade. -_________________________________________ / ) -Ar / MAP NOTSi Mo topographic maps are available for the area. �OCTAVE, ARIZONA C. 0. Carlson is presently the sole resident of Octave. You might call him a new-fangled type of olds timer. He used to prospect extensively. Now he has formed a company that plans to extract gold from the reject ore that makes up the waste dumps of the fabulous old Octave Mine. ^G^O.*^irn3rp=! a million in sold sits on the dump awaiting an efficient ex^ traction system. do the Job. In fact^he has applied for a patent on his newe style ball mill. unique. And he figures he’s got Just the gadget to It’s the drive mechanism that makes it The rear end and transmission of a @:ton truck wheels, tires and allis rammed up against the larsre armo'fr • j| ■ plate Krum. The air in the tires can be adjusted to achieve proper contact. ‘^^0.*^enjoys turning the driveshaft with one hand^««4 pointing out the easy rotation as a result. the drum makes "This mill will run 200 tons easy," he claimed. I didn’t ask if that was per hour, day^or week, but I sure had to agree it was a beautiful piece of eyeball engineering. "Of course," I pointed out, "that drum is going to be somewhat tougher to turn when you get a few tons of ore in it." Carlson figured, perhaps a bit optimistically, that he could drive the loaded mill with as little as horsepower. There is no such thing as a pessimistic inventor. Ore from the dump is to be treated first in a Jaw crusher, then put through the ball mill with '7^^ gallons of /O/ �water a minute added. The fine gold mixed with powdered rock will run out the end on_to a couple of fanners (shaker tables) finally, part of the gold will be gravlty5.separated and the remainder extracted by chemical means. is well-.acquainted with the history of the place and the exact condition of the old Octave Mine. Where he got his information is a mystery to me, and it differs from the published material one can dig out of p-brary. In several cases I have found •*0.^0.-^to be right and the published record in error. For example, one writer claims the town had a population of 3,000. Since others state that the entire district had only 2,000 at maximum, I*m inclined to put stock in Carlson’s claim that the town had about 500 residents, mostly Scandinavians. The diamond-shaped center of town was built-in 1897. built about 1900. water reservoir in the The buildings nearby were Now^just the rock foundations remain. The business district held a post office, mine headquarters, saloon, mercantlle^and grocery. ^^^Qso^ there wa^a school and a building that served as bank and stage station. ’*^.0.'"^ claims there were I50 men on the digging crew in the Octave feet Mine and that the mine was ^OOy^deep. Pumps ran continually to keep the bo^eg gpoo feet dewatered I "Of course the mine is flooded now ~ there's 20 miles of tunnels under that water, and I don’t guess it will �ever be pumped,” said Carlson. "See that hill over there? That's Rich Hill ~ richest hill in the world. Why, after a rain People you can walk up there and find nuggets. still search around that hill ~ find stuff too, especially just over the crest." now. Carlson was warming up to the subject "The geologists never did figure out how all those nuggets got to be found on top of the hill ~ supposed to "^pointed to the south. find 'em in the streams below. "See that peak? down there. That's Vulture Peak. Had a good ore body We're on a line between that mine and Rich Hill. That's why they found so much srold here." I asked how the snakes were. Carlson answered to the effect that they were real healthy.-^ "In fact, the damn things are so fat they're pink I They must be the most beaut i^ ful rattlers in the world.—and they don't buzz must have killed off all the buzzing kind and grew a crop that don't buzz I" is inclined to be outspoken on matters politi-^ cal. "It's that L»208 ~ you know. Law No, 208 that Roosevelt put through ~ that's what killed this mine ~ and those old tin heads in Congress soaked it all in. never should have stopped everybody from minin' gold — just 'cause they claimed it wasn't strategic." '^C.V).doesn't hold with core drilling either — "Why you can drill those little bitty holes all month and still �miss the vein. It’s crazy! May as well take your money to Vegas," There are some facts concerning the town that *^.^0,'**’ overlooked. He probably knows them^but just had more important things to say. Claimed as a placer in 1864, nothing much happened until the 1890^/^when someone saw the deeps mine potential. Eight men got together, bought the claim, and named the place Octave^ appropriate to the eight-way split. No Information is available as to how long the original eight held on to the claim. It would have meant a fortune for each, since somewhere between|^8 and|^15 million in gold was eventually ex^^ tracted from the Octave. The town proper was built between I896 and I9OI, The post office moved in from Weaver in I9OO, The mines were shut down in 1942, due to L-208, and in 1944 all the buildings were razed to save on taxes. Visible today are the huge yellow tailings of the mill, some foundations, some walls of the bullion room, the reservoir, and extensive multi(** leveled rock foundations. Across the knoll, under a modern power line, is a totally forsrotten cemetery. I had just visited the cemetery and was swinging back through the site of Octave to say goodbye to when I was hailed down by a nondescript old character in a battered pickup, "WheresW Rich Hill?" he asked. got to be around here somewhere." "It’s �Like an old hand and longrtime resident I waved toward the hill and hollered,"Your best bet for nuggets is just over the crest MAP NOTE* the area. too bad it ain’t rained lately." No topographic maps are presently available for �Iahizowa arsa 3 L J GOLDROAP, ARIZONA The road from Kinsman slants southwest with little ohanc:e in direction or elevation. accommodate a dry wash. Occasionally it dips to The native knows enough to slow down and check the wash for water. The tourist might plow into two feet of water at @ miles per hour, but he’ll only do it once. The resulting baptism quickly makes one a native. After to meander Pass, miles the road angles west and proceeds another miles up the slope to Sitgreaves ^50 feet above sea level. Its famed "100: mile view" is now marrf^ at mld^^stance by the smoke of a huge electrl> cal generating plant located on the Colorado River, As the road writhes its way down the west slope, signs of the abandoned town of Goldroad appear. there an old rock foundation. frame. Here a tunnel, Beyond these, a shaft and gallows The switchbacks become more frequent, and at one point, where the grade is particularly steep, most of deserted Goldroad is visible straight ahead and sharply below. Most of the remains are rock or adobe walls. Assured that the town would never come to life again, the owners decided in 19^9 to save the tax on surface improvements tlonally ^irned the town to the ground. and inten*"'^^ The Mexican part of �town, on the treeless flat to the west, survived in part, due to its adobe construction. Traces of gold were found here in 1863, The outcrops were low grade, and the prospectors moved on. The gold was there but remained hidden for another years. Jose Jeres (Jenerez, according to the February 1916 Los Angeles Financial Mews) was grubstaked by Henry Lovin of Kingman to the extent of $1,300. Jerez, or Jenerez, headed into the thoroughly workedsover region near Sitgreaves Pass, by the Old Fort Mohave Military Road. The stories vary ~ but Jose was either tracking a lost burro or tying one up when he stumbled across a knobby outcrop. He chipped some samples, then quickly laid out his claimy^and headed for Kingman Lovin wouldn’t believe Jerez when he learned the '•strike'* was in an area already tramped over by a thousand prospectors, and it wasn’t until Jerez started asking for another stake that Lovin decided to go look, Jerez was right, and excitedly the two of them proceeded to dig the required hole to prove up the claim. The vein held steady and strong. Word got out, and the rush was on. gone over thoroughly a second time. The ground was Two other paying shafts were developed. Meanwhile, Lovin and Jerez sold out for $25,000 each. Lovin also got the freighting and mercantile �concessions, which paid handsomely, Jerez drank his share and within a few years departed this world by swallowing rat poison. In 1901 there were ^00 people In town. In 1902 the boom was well under way, and a post office was opened under the name of Acme, In I906 the town reached Its peak. That year the post office was redesignated as Goldroad, It remained so until 1941, when Law 208 closed down the mine, the town^and the post office. Around the bend, and two miles on down the highway. Is the delightful old town of Oatman. Al^^ though not as dead as some ghost town buffs desire, one can couple It with the more: than^dead remnant of Goldroad and come up with an enjoyable tour. < # MAP NOTE: The town. Important mines, and cemetery shown on the Oatman and Mt. Nutt are minute United States Geological Survey topographic maps. Iti plfc i/ie ! �OATMAM, ARIZONA The geology of the area would excite even the most dejected prospector. the surface. Igneous intrusions stand boldly above Quartz outcrops abound/^ and where there is quartz, there is the likelihood of valuable mineralization. Iff Quartz, one of the last minerals to solidify upon cooling, often carries rare metals in its cracks and fissures. To the east of Oatman, the nearly whlje Elephant's Tooth and black Boundary Cone thrust their way above the horizon, sure signs of mineral separation and reliable indicators of valuable deposits nearby. The Vivian Mine was located in 1902 by Ben Paddock. A mine camp grew up around it^and in 1904 the post office of Vivian was established. The population reached 150^and the //2^ town boasted two banks, two stores, and a chamber of commerce. Discovery of rich gold ore in the Tom Reed Mine in 1908 brought the first boom. The town grew and became so respectable that a move was made to select a new name. They decided on Oatman, in honor of a family of pioneers who^ in 1851• The entire family was killed, had been attacked by Indians^ end %ho fa«H.y-igilloAy except for two girls and a boy. The girls were taken captive and the boy left for dead at the site of the massacre. A rescue party found the boy and^after years of effort^managed to free one of the girls. The other sister died captivity. �George W. Long had a theory about the veins around Oatman. He studied the shafts and tunnels in existence and determined that a healthy vein of gold ran north and south about 380 feet below ground. He formed the United Eastern Mining Company, which in 1913 bought up a number of claims that included the theoretical streak of gold. He was right. The vein was there — and at the depth predicted. With the Eastern and the Tom Reed both producing well (the Tom Heed averaged $70,000 in gold per month) the town boomed, and the area's population neared the 10,000 mark. Later a figure of 15,000 was claimed, but^was probably an exaggeration. With the best ore removed, the mines went into slow decline during the thirties. The town began to shrink. Its life was sustained by its location on Route 66, Even the *6^es*’*'p^sing through to California did their share to contribute to the survival of Oatman, But Law 208, passed by "those tin heads in Congress " to quote *^.0, Carlson of Octave, Arlzona^y^brought the rftmaipjng gold mining to a halt. hundred or so The number of residents dropped to one and in I968 fell to half that, or less than^^®®’^^ of its "honest" peak population. There are a few more folk living in Oatman now. In fact it may be on the comeback as a winter residence for reA tired trailerites^following the sun south for the winter fleeing the Arizona heat each summer. but �Ill Ths old Tom Heed Mine and Mill, long idle, has enough property remaining to warrant a caretaker. A few mines in the area are still operating:, either on a one: man basis or under strict secrecy. In one case the secrecy is maintained by a rif let carrying .guard. Wild burros make it a habit to visit town each day. Somewhere between © and of them wander in for a tour of the stores, poking their heads S?%oors and walking in if not met at the threshold. They like popcorn and dog food, and the tourists love to provide it^even at the risk of nipped fingers. The burros are b+wj. descendants of the pack animals They are not turned loose by retired prospectors. herd supremacy sometimes occur ° on^main street. Storekeepers close their doorsy.while visitors 7^ take cover and grab for their Instamatics. Occasionally samoles of high-grade ore appear in the glass showcases of the grocery store. I was offered a chunk about the size of a marshmallow. It was perlfa^s® gold. A You could easily scratch the yellow portion with a knife blade to check that it was not pyrite. The sample probably had an eighth of an ounce of gold in it. was tlO. Too high, I figured, and passed it up. The price Later, half-jA way to Kingman, it dawned on me that^at the present $180 an ounce, that sample was probably worth twice the asking price. //^ �J MAP NOTE* The Oatman, Arizona.7| minute United States / Geological Survey topographic map shows Oatman and part of Gold road. �MIM3HAL PARK, ARIZONA/ You can see the plume of dust from miles away, SM»^ the closer you approach, the more it seems to rise from the exact site of the s^host town of Mineral Park, A mile away you can hear the hum and clatter of heavy machinery. On a rise to the south of the suspiciously smoothy^broady^gravel road is an old roofless adobe building, doubtless a remnant of Mineral Park, Just around the bend the noise becomes suddenly louder, and the field of view is filled with signs of "progress The Duval Mine and Mill is operating at a level that would have been beyond the imagination of residents of Mineral Park ninety years ago. The site is a study in contrasts. On the left side of the road are the pitiful wrecks of three or four buildings, some mill foundations, one head frame about to collapse, and an old wooden separation tank. From these relics you can look across to the monstrous mine dump of the Duval, matched only in size by the massive mill below. Periodically the ugly sound^ of rocks falling causes one to look quickly about. The trucks are dumping rock over the dump a mile away, and boulders the size of barrels roll hundreds of feet down the man-made talus slope, A brief hlstory,to match the meager extent of the Z remains, starts with the town being laid out in 1870 near a �^tstamp mill. months. There were (2/ saloons In operation within^ The biw boom of the 188^^ found many adobe and frame buildlnajs built on both sides of a wide main street. A flay^p^e stood at the uphill end. An old picture shows waaon ruts forming a series of figure eights as people drove to the front^ of each store^ then cut across to one on the other side of the street. In 1884 the population was 700 and Increasing. There were two newspapers and a Ghlna^^wn. Strangely, there were no banksand no churches. evident. Perhaps a basic truth was Without one, perhaps you have a lesser need of the other. When the Atlantic and Pacific tracks were laid along a route justmiles away. It was found that ore of lesser A* quality could be mined. The town took on new life — tempor^ly. Soon a junction town popped Into existence at the loadlnv site. Within three years that town exceeded Mineral Park In size. An election showed that the majority approved of the new town as the county seat. Mineral Park refused to give up the records. The new town went on to A midnight raid solved, the problem. become a success L * MAP WOTSi they named It Kingman. -------------------- hmmW ■kUHL.aWL.il. IB IB UU WUi — The 1939. 15 minute Chloride, Arizona, United States Geological Survey topographic map shows the site of Mineral Park, but gives no Indication of the present mining complex. �Silver was found here in 1892, and hy 1894 the White Hills Mining Company had built a towi^^a mill and had dug miles of tunnels. The mines were paying hand"^^ somely, and the fifteen hundred residents in the area didn’t mind the occasional gully washer that rushed down the IThlte Hills and floated away an outhouse or two. What they did mind was the shortage of drinking water and its ”hauled-ln’' price I The White Hills Mining Company fell into financial dlfficult^^and an English outfit took over in 1895, A 0xmile pipe brought springwater to town and supplied the needs of a new(^:stamp mill. Most of the water went to the mill, and the town folk still felt the shortap:e. In two years the original owners regained the property^due to the English outfit's inability to make theta? payments. A big promotional effort was started, and the town experienced its best year. Then, with thinning veins and promotional claims unfulfilled, the mines and White Hills began to fade. A bad flood wiped out much of the town. Men caught 200 feet underground could not climb out against the water and debris pouring in. Luckily, the shaft went deeper and acted as a reservoir, or the men would have been trapped and drowned. V �The post office closed in 191^, but by then most of the town had been moved away or had collapsed from flood­ damaged foundations. Until recently, several old shacks still remained, stubbornly fighting the pull of gravity. A new retirement village, built a few miles beyond the site, did little to protect the meager remains. In 197^ the last shack collapsed to a point where its eaves touched the ground. The cemetery has a number of graves, each lined with rocks, a few replete with accidental barrel cactus head/^ boards. The ultimate Insult to a dead town is sickenlngly evident there. Two graves have been dug up and robbed. One of them was that of a child. _____________________5k MAP NOTSj , Arizona, The White Hillsyyl5 minute United States Geological Survey topographic map shows the site. ARIZO^^^^ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Norman Weis Manuscripts Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a> Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1971-1987 Description An account of the resource A collection of manuscripts by Casper College professor Norman Weis. <br /><br />This collection includes manuscripts of:<br /><em>Ghost Towns of the Northwest: Known and Unknown<br />The Starduster<br />Two-Story Outhouse<br />Helldorados<br /></em><br />Each manuscript contains written in edits by Norman Weis Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Norman Weis Language A language of the resource ENG Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Norm Weiss Manuscripts and Photographs, CCA 10.2003.01 WyCaC US. Casper College Archives and Special Collections. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Searchable PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCA 10.2003.01_Weis_Manuscripts Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Manuscript Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <em>Helldorados</em> Part II: Arizona Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <div class="element-text five columns omega"> <p><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a></p> </div> Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1975 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Norman Weis Language A language of the resource ENG Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Norm Weiss Manuscripts and Photographs, CCA 10.2003.01 WyCaC US. Casper College Archives and Special Collections. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCA 10.2003.01_Weis_Helldorados_Ariz Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Searchable PDF https://caspercollege.cvlcollections.org/files/original/5713b92395a1db8541e8a972754e61f3.pdf 235c0d92d30f7cf2d1c5b68432baf38e PDF Text Text PART I S==- s CALIFORNIA �__ > AT?ALIPaFi'''IA Aq?A --------------- ■^'—■< - ggaao gorpo, OALiFJRxmiL^ Mortimer Belshaw was a shrewd man. wardly Shrewd! Ou^ Belshaw showed only mild interest in the sample of silver-bearlny quartz shown around by a iiexioan prospector. He inquired of other deposits in the area, and when told that tralena was found nearby He knew he immediately laid plans. that the lead found in yalena was necessary to subtract silver from its ore. controlled the lead could control The man the silver, and Belshaw figured to be that man. Belshaw arrived in Gerro Gordo in 1868. Prospectors were swarmlna about the rounded, almost fat hills for which the site was named. While the prospectors sought out and claimed the silver, Belshaw quietly sewed up most of the galena deposits. He hastened to spread the word that he planned to build a smelter, then promptly traded one-fifth of his imaginary smelter for one^ third of the Union Mine, the last hold-out containing highsqualitv calena. With a few ingots laboriously smelted from his best ore samples, Belshaw headed for San Francisco. Financier Abner B. Sider looked at the ingots, believed Belshaw*s claims, and promptly The Union Minlnsr Company was formed offered to back the enterprise. By ral(l*^ummer from Owen's Lake the partners had constructed a wagon road up the steep slopes to Gerro Gordo. climbed ^,800 feet in its eight serpentine miles. spot a tollTSite was Installed. plan to miss a trick. The road At one narrow Belshaw and partner didn't The fee was $1.00 per wagon, two bits -1- �per rider. The partners soaked everyone^ and took a double whaok at competitors, Belshaw was a talented engineer, designing and huild-f ing a smelter capable of turning outtons of lead-silver amalgam each day. Charged with coke and coal, and making use of a unique doubletboiler principle, it constituted a major breakthrough in contemporary smelting. One hundred and twenty bars of lead-silver amalgam were poured and hauled out each day. With rear wheels chained and skidding, and front wheel brakes frequently applied, the elyhtsmule teams slipped and slid down the road, traversing dozens of tight switchbacks. The bars were transferred to steamers at the east bank of Owens Lake, then again loaded on wagons at the west bank and hauled to San Francisco. The Union Mining Company built a second smelter in 189QAand nroduction doubled. Traffic increased on the toll road O' <— as other mines expanded production. A new smelter at Swansea, on the shore of Owens Lake, made lowersgrade ore a paying pronosltion in spite of Belshaw's tollroad rates. Belshaw tried to lure business away from the Swansea Smelter by letting the tollroad go bad. This limited the loads that could be carried in the wavons, and in effect raised the toll. Competing mines either raid Belshaw's high smelting fees or forked over a healthy toll. Belshaw's competitors attempted to build a new road in to Gerro Gordo, but efforts proved fruitless. -2- The canny �Belshaw had nlaced his toll road In the only usable spot! Some disgruntled folk established a tent town below Belshaw’s toll*^ate and hiked cross-country a mile or so to Oerro Gordo for supplies and entertainment. The fifty-six teams of mules that hauled freight to Cerro Gordo continued to pay Belshaw’s heavy toll. Later an aerial tramway was built, easing the stranglehold of the toll road. Mo engine was required to cower the tram>* way, since its problem was one of slowing the head Iona: dowi^ Elaborate braking mechanisms *t were utilized, and freight was put in the buckets on the "up" hill run of oretladen buckets. line when possible. seventies. The town prospered during the - with the popu­ lation riding between two and three thousand. houses were flourishinar. Several sporting The dance halls of Lola Travis and Maggie Moore were busy, and the American Hotel, opened in I87I, continued to do business in spite of spectacularly high rates. When a younsr doctor came to town intending to open a practice. he was confronted with drunks, fights, and even gunplay. The doc left town A same eveninv. Cerro Gordo enjoys a unique setting. Thirty miles away, to the northwest, 14,495:foot hiinih i4ount Everest towers over the dry flats of Owens Lake, besting Cerro Gordo and its adjacent peak by more than a mile. To the east, avain thirty miles away, is a "sink" fed Infrequently by Salt Creek and the -3- �Amargosa Hlver. Better known as Death Valley, its elevation is 282 feet BELOW sea level. Midway between the highest and lowest points in the continguous states, Cerro Gordo enjoys a climate that is the best of the two extremes. Days are warm and dry -- nights pleasantly cool. Barby and Jack Smith have owned the mine and town since 19^9. They charge a dollar to visit the place, and it's well worth it. Their protective presence has prevented the slow^certain destruction suffered by other ghost towns. They have made few changes, except that Jack now claims the town has running water — he runs and gets it twice a week. Most spectacular in town the old American Hotel, still replete with square nallft balcony, gazebo, and hugJi kitchen stove. The trestle of the Union Mine curves over the northern extreme of the business district. A threes crib sporting house still stands next to a string of buildings that once served as stores, warehouses^and machine shops. Occasional >11^ bottles diggers are permitted limited access. The old mine dump had been used as a garbage dump, with fresh rock tumbled over each day's refuse, creating a o gold mine of old bji^ttles inconveniently spread at the extreme bottom of the huge waote dump. Fred Kille, teacher and ghost town hunter, has poked and dug around the area extensively. He has located a number of little-known settlements and mines, particularly in the Panaraint Valley, next to and parallel to Death Valley �His bottle collection Is outstanding. We discussed the hazards Involved In digging for bottles and the additional thrills Involved In getting to some of the area’s ghost towns. He and his wife consider the road to Gerro Gordo enjoyable." "tame and My opinion differed greatly. The road is narrow and steep — so steep that my eight miles an hour, (admittedly tired) pickup could make no more than S—floor- boarded. It had not been an enjoyable trip up the hill. The sun was flat In my face on the steep grade a mile below town. The road, was but a narrow shelf, and^as I rounded out on top, the sun on the dusty windshield blocked all vision ahead. I locked the transmisslon^Jam^d on the brake, and got out to I did, for the road doubled back have a look. It was well to the right. Dead ahead was nothing but space. The only part of the road I enjoyed was the parking place at the end of It. Going down the hill the next day, I was thinking about the chainlocked wheels on the ore wagons that used to skid around the bends. turn I forgot about the blues sky hairpin and got the same damned unwanted thrill a seond time. MAP MOTfis Gerro Gordo and a number of small satellite towns and mining camps are shown on the Mew York Butte, California a 15 minute United States Geological Survey topographic map, �SWANSEA, CALIFOaVIA Trailing broad wakes and spouting dense clouds of smoke, the steamers Mollie Stevens and Bessie Brady often met in the middle of Owens Lake. Each in turn carried wood on. the ^^smile Journey eastward and silver-lead amalgam Sighty-flve feet long on the return, and shallow of draft to suit the meager depths of Owens (salt) Lake, the twin steamers plied between Cartasro at the southwest bay and Keeler and Swansea on the northeast shore. Swansea, named for its larger twin in Wales, was a smelting town. Silver ore from the Inyo Mountains near Cerro Gordo was processed here, with the aid of the local lead and salt deposits. Lead ore in the form of galena came from the Sunset, Union, Morning Star, and Cerro GordOy^nes. Unfortunately the salt of Owens Lake was of the carbonate variety, unusable for smelting. The proper chloride salt lay miles away, over the top of the Inyo Mountains hill north to Salt Lake, and down^ A tramway carried salt up the ^OOs foot climb through Daisy Canyon from Salt Lake to the mountain pass, then down to a port at the north end of Swansea. The huge furnaces at Swansea turned out I50 bars of silver every hours, each weighing a standard^^ pounds. It is difficult to Imagine the massive operations of smelting and freighting that took place on the shores of Owens Lake. It's especially difficult because Owensr Lake is no more. 8 �The same lonsrtterm change in climate that created extensive salt flats in the area small puddle. reduced Owens Lake to a Dried up and crusted over, the treacherous lake defies travel over its surface hy man or machine. Mollie S^tevens and the Bessie Brady are out there The buried beneath the salt, engines rusted and steam whistles silent. The smelter chimneys have fallen^and the houses are almost gone ~ moved or covered with the blowing sand dunes. Only the rock furnaces remain, along with a few buildings of town now owned by the Penn I41nes. Pour miles away the once: busy port of Keaier escapes complete desertion, thanks to the employment demands of a small soda evaporation plant. MAP MOTS: Swansea, Keeler, Salt Lake, and the tramway connect/ Ing the two can be located on the Mew York Butte, California^ 15' minute United States Geological Survey topographic map. �J DA5WIN, GALIFOaNIA rA The story is classic — the party of exhausted men were camped in the Aryus Hange of California. was short, and. their food was R-one. Water Their best rifle was found to be short one of its sights, and the chance of shoot^ Ing game seemed remote. An Indian guide saved, the day by re^ pairing the sight with a chunk of soft/iwhite metal. The memP v • bers of the party knew it was silver and assumed the Indian knew of a considerable deposit ~ but escape from the hostile area was deemed more important than a search for silver. Years later. Dr. 3. Darwin French led a party into the Argus Range to seek out the silver lode. Ft. Tejon rancher Dr. French, a and habitual prospector, had been in the area before^ and was likely a member of the starving party that had passed through earlier. whether It is not clear the Indian’s "Gunsight Lode" was ever found, but good signs were evident, and a number of claims were staked. 'Darwin The town that sprang up was officially named in i860, long after Dr. B. Darwin French had left to prospect elsewhere. The Darwin Hills, east of town, eventually yielded S5 million more than 3 iai^^an-dallars worth of silver. Three smelters operated from 1875 to 1880. The town declined, due to de­ eighties pleted ore bodies, in the late and was reduced to one operation by 1913. 8- �The business district is presently deserted. The pumps at the old gas station are broken -- even the glass disc at the top is fractured, making it difficult to read the label, "Green Streak Gasoline.” At the old school building a crude plywood sign leans on the front, pathetically offering an historic note. It^ confusing message Indicates it was built in I876 but not used until I9OO, then abandoned in 1917. To the north of Darwin's business district extensive remains of a large company town. are the The company town has twice as many homes as Darwin, plus a school and hospital. The huge complex has been closed for years. Row upon row of Identical bachelor's cubicles stand unoccupied, with doors open and windows broken. The wind blows clouds of yellow mill tailings over town, heaping obscurity on top of desertion. MAP NOTEi The Darwin, California,15 minute United States z Geological Survey topograph map shows Darwin and the deserted company town. �HART, GALIFOHNIA^ It Is the llttletknown site that attracts the The desert west of Weedies, dills^ent ,<yhost town hunter. California, Is full of old caTius and deserted towns an Ideal area to explore. Darwin Fetters of Wlpton, California, has poked about the ree-lon extensively. He has relied heavily on the available topographic maps but Is quick to state that he has visited a number of deserted settlements that are not shown on any of the existing topographic maps. I asked Mr. Fetters about the old towns of Vanderbilt, Hart, Barnwell, Ivanpah Sprlnars, Juan, and Crescent, He had been to all of the sites and recommended Hart and Vanderbilt. In ad.dltlon he suggested a visit to a llttleeknown mlnlnor camp called Sasramore and a mysterious place he called Mescal City. Thirty-nine miles east of Baker, California, Hls-hway 15-91 makes a broad bend to the north. blacktop road heads east south. At this spot a lesser and In four miles branches to the In three more miles It angles slightly, then heads In a precisely straight line for the deserted railroad town of Ivanpah. About four miles past Ivanpah the tar becomes gravel, and the Dakar Minerals Development sign can be seen -10- �on the left side of the road, near the site of the old town of Vanderbilt. I was disappointed to learn that the last building in Vanderbilt, an old saloon, had recently collapsed and been cleared away. The lone resident of Vanderbilt, Robert D'Anella, furnished some interesting information about most of the old towns in the area. Including a special note on ‘*^scal Clty,'****^ which he explained had recently been reclaimed. D'Anella sue’crested it would be best if I staved away from that old camp. "They sometimes shoot at strangers up there — trying to protect a contestfAclalm. " With a grin he added, '"course they just shoot to scare you, but then they don't shoot too awful straight either." I decided to look into the Mescal City situation on my way out of the area and to concentrate in the meantime on Hart, Barnwell and Sagamore Gamp. Pour miles south of Vanderbilt the water tower at the site of Barnwell is visible on the left. a gravel road exits to the east. At this point In nine miles the road ends at the foot of Castle MountainyJyvi smack in the middle of the old town of Hart, California. The flats adjacent to the /Mountains are strewn with old boards, barrel hoops, wagon wheel rims, broken bottles, and rusted tin cans of the early 190Q^. -11- The �chimney of the old Norton residence looms at the northwest edore of the townsite. Toward the slopes are remains of a seconds effort mining operation involving a white clay or some clay^ike compound of sodium or potassium. The mineral deposits still on the site are brilliant whiteand*under a noon sun, irritating to the unprotected eye. To the south are the remains of several old gold mines. One of the shafts is said to extend 835 feet down. I dropped a stone, and afterj^l^seconds I could still hear it faintly clattering. To the east is what appears at first glance to be an oil well. Noting the height of the storage tank, it becomes obvious that it was at one time the town's water supply. Robert D'Anella of Vanderbilt told me later that the wooden walking beam and accessory equipment were carted in from San Francisco on a set of ^^foot wheels. A small engine once turned an eccentric operating the walking beam so as to piston water up from the underground pool hundreds of feet below. Gold was discovered in the ledges along the slopes of the mountain in December of 190?. The ore was rich, and promoters and prospectors invaded the territory. Within a month, 300 people were camped on the site, and a newspaper, JShe Hart Enterprise, was selling copies of its first edition. In April a hotel was constructed, and residents of the town were rapidly replacing tent canvas with more substantial material. A post office was finished in May. In December �the bubble burst. year. The town had flourished for exactly one When the mines shut down continue the town's existence. there was little excuse to Hart, it seemed, had always been a long way from anywhere, and^wlthout the mines, the distance increased. The post office held out until 1915. Since that time only sporadic mining has been conducted. Most of the effort was aimed at extracting pockets of clay. The remains of the town are sparse. Rarely can one remnant be spotted from the site of another. The cemetery is located somewhere in the middle of the remains, but in two hours of searchins: I was unable to find it. was a small cemetery Most likely it after all, how many people could have died in a town that itself died one year after it was born? MAP MOTSj The Ivanpah and the Crescent Peak, California^ 15 minute United States Geological Survey topographic maps are both necessary for a proper exploration of the area. �SARW3LL, CALIFORNIA Barnwell now consists of two buildings mill, a water tower, and extensive foundations. a wind^ That’s quite a come^'d^wn for a town that once had a population measured in the thousands. Walking over the site, it is hard to believe such a thriving community could have eXfA Isted here. Little reliable information is available concerning the town. However, according to Robert D’Anella, owner of a number of claims in the vicinity, Barnwell was once the largest town in the recrion and served as the trade center for the entire raining district. Its three slaughter houses furnished meat for the dozens of mine camps in the area. Originally a stage station, the town boomed when the Atchison, Topeka and Sante Pe Railroad built its line on the old wagon route. The stage station grew from two rooms to a respectable hotel. Later the California and Eastern Railroad passed through Vanderbilt and apparently made connection with the Sante Fe within the town’s limits. From Barnwell another spur headed northeast to the mining camp of Juan. The March 31» 189^ issue of >rfie Mining and Scientific Press stated, "The Nevada Southern Railroad is in good order, and regular trips are made to Manvel, four miles from Vanderbilt." No mention is made of Barnwell. Since Barnwell is exactly V miles from Vanderbilt, and no other town site can be found on the map that fits the �description, one must assume that Manvel was another name given the town of Barnwell, There Is considerable confusion in the early literaT^ ture of the Vanderbilt Mining District. Promoters often exZ^ aggerated their holdings while carefully avoiding mention of competing enterprises, and occasionally small communities were misrepresented as bustling cities. Some of the claims made about Barnwell are probably examples of that practice. Barnwell was, however, a major Junction. At least three, and perhaps four, rail lines met there, and wagon roads emlnated from town in three directions. It was truly the "Hub of the Vanderbilt Mining District." Barnwell held that title until the turn of the century, when mines in the area began to fall. The shortahaul railroads shut down — only the Santa Pe remained in operation. Homes were moved from town, and fire destroyed much of the business district. The stage station, the oldest building in town, was spared. It served as a depot for the Santa Pe for a time. When the Santa Pe was relocated to pass through Ivanpah, several miles away, the old stage station was returned to its original pursuit — catering to road traffic. How, as in the beginning, it stands alone, a monument to mark the site of the town of Barnwell — once the "Hub of the Vanderbilt Mining District." �MAP WQT5.I The site of Barnwell is shown on the Crescent , California, Peak^lS minute United States Geolocjical Survey toposjraphic map. �3AGAMQRB MINB CAMP, CALIFORWI^/^ Darwin Petters of Nlpton had sald^"take a left a " aA strong mile south past Barnwell, then head to the right — I think — then — well — you’ll know you’re on the right road if you climb up over a saddle and dump into the middle of a canyon." The map showed no road to fit the description. There was a road turning off south of Barnwell, but it led to Live Oak Canyon, Sasramore Canyon was shown complete with a road along the stream bed, but there was no connection be<^ tween the two roads — no way to "dump" into the middle of the canyon. It would be appropriate/^to give detailed instructions hepe-afr-4^ how to locate Savamore Camp, but the network of littleiused roads makes that nearly impossible. It took me several hours to run half a dozen trails to their destinations in order to find the correct one. On the way out I simply headed east, eventually locating the Barnwell road, but again I found some unexpected dead ends. You w^l^ know you are on the right road when you drive through a gate^ a dry wash, and start a climb up a winding^rocky road with a steep drop-off into another dry wash to your right. to let a wheel spin occasionally The road is steep enough and rough enough to require dodging any unwanted meeting between boulder and differential. This is the road that "dumps" into the canyonTTfOnce in Sagamore Canyon mine shacks become visible on the left, and �an old railroad grade takes off straight ahead. With a ^^ep you can find your way down to the dry stream bed drive up the bed a couple of miles to "tin camp." then It’s another mile up the canyon to "rock camp^ and even with a ^eep it’s best to cover this section on foot. TIP ^mp is the result of Sagamore’s only major rework. Sight or ten men were employed mining the tungsten^ overlooked in the original extraction of silver. The largest of the several corrugated sheds is still liv(?able and occa­ sionally used. A paper plate tacked on the wall bears the following message: f^Thanks for leaving this cabin in such a k-* . oroddam mess. O.K. to use for shelter. Thanks for stealing the stove ” you can buy an antique exactly like it for 118 in town," The location of the camp, smack in the bottom of the canyon, is a tribute to the dry climate. In any valley but this one, rain pattering on a tin roof would most likely lull one to sleep. In Sagamore Canyon it is reason to start packing. On up the canyon, extensive rock structures line the dry creek bed. of mortar. A chimney on the right stands without benefit Above it, serpentine rockworks form the abutments for the old railroad line that stretched several miles from the mine to a point on the canyon rim. I hiked to the mine "by rail," and returned later by *drvwash road." �The old Sagamore Mine head frame stands astraddle feet above the canyon floor. the shaft on a shelf about A tunnel bores into the shelf from below, meeting the shaft at the first level. Nearby are the ruins of several rock: Built prior to I890, they walled, dirt-roofed structures. are very likely the first homes built in the canyon. down the canyon, via the dry:wash road^^ numerous rock walls feet high. stand in line, some more than On Hock forms the front and sides of the buildings, while the canyon wall makes the rear. Missing are the locr roofs and any indication of a wooden second story. Slther flood or fire, perhaps both, wegg responsible for the destruction. Back in Vanderbilt, D'Anella provided some additional information. He had read or heard somewhere that the original camp dated as far back as 186? or and that the camp employed silver men of lead and cooper. smaller amounts The community nrobably numbered more than one hundred souls. When the silver ran out, the mine and camp were abandoned. Many years later in the old mine. Sy then beyond use, requiring tungsten deposits were noted rock camp had deteriorated construction of the newer "tln*^ camp. I mentioned to D’Anella that there was no sign of a mill at Sagamore Gamp or at any of the other mines in the vicinity. -19- �"Most of them were blown up — blown up on purpose^" explained. "Every time Hollywood made a Western, it seems they had to have a big explosion, and old mills were big and real cheap. Blew a lot of them up myself, working for the film companies." Just the thought of it brought a smile to his face. "Used to put dynamite under the eaves and in the foundation corners. Then set off the bottoms and a bit later, on a mill*!?' second delay, blow the roof — spectacular as hell J" explained further. He "That's why you seldom find an intact mill, or even one that's leaned over or collapsed. [4ost of them are scattered in splinters all over the countryside." As I drove back along the road leading toward the interstate highway, I realized my route would take me past *^escal Cltyf^j^he place reportedly protected by trisrgsr-happy guards. I got out the maps, located the turn?^ off, and proceeded full of courage, with telephoto lenses Installed. After traveling several miles along the winding dirt road, my progress was blocked by a sturdy gate, stoutly chained and padlocked, happily precluding any possibility of a confrontation with those Intent upon protecting a contested claim. MAP WOTSj Sagamore Camp is shown southwest of Barnwell on the Crescent Peak, Californla^lS minute United States Geolo­ gical Survey topograuhic map. END CALIPOHNIA AREA -20- �1 CALIFORNIA AR.^A CARLOCK, CALIPORNI^ The Yellow Aster Mine was rich in gold in water. but poor The mine was awkwardly situated in a deep notoh on the northeast shoulder of Government Peak,pne of the few peaks that make up the Rand Mountains. The highest peaks are less than ^00 feet above the desert flats and are unable to steal moisture from the already dry air. Ore from the Yellow Aster was hauled to the nearest mlllj the mill, of necessity, was at the nearest water. Garlock was such a location. Water pumped and e. piped from a nearby spring was its reason for exlst/^nce the reason for its demise. and later Eugene Garlock, in I896, built a stamp mill here to replace the inadequate capacity of a steam-powered arrastra Ore was hauled a dozen miles to be crushed, separated by water and melted into bars. As the mines Increased their outputs, so the number of mills increased. With the increased demand, X*dL. - and^limlted flow from the snrlngs, water became scarce. Wells dug in the area Improved the supply, and more mills were built At its peak Garlock boasted six mills in the Immediate area. The town claimed two hotels, a grocery, two saloons, and several structures that served multiple purposes. Miller’s rock structure (still standing) was built in 1897 and served as stage depot, store, and bar. �Puellnc: the steam encrines that supplied power for the machinery at the mills proved to be a serious problem. When wood supplies fell short, brush was forked into the Huge quantities were required, and^as a result, T the surroundins- area became thorous^hly stripped of vegetation. furnaces. When the Yellow Aster Mine Company built own mill a few miles east of Carlock in Coler Gulch, part of Carlock moved to Coler Gulch. Later it proved more efficient to pump the water by means of Archimed^^i« Screw through pipes to the site of the mine proper, six miles to the southeast. In 1898 a spur of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Pe reached the mines on Rand Mountain, and most of the ore was Most of Johannes*^ the reraaininor residents of Carlock moved to Randsburg and A then shipped to Sarstow for more efficient extraction. burg, and by 1902 only two families remained in Carlock. In 1911 the Southern Pacific built its track^'^^rough Carlock, and the town was given another breath of life. salt mining was undertaken on nearby Koehn Dry Lake. Later, A few families moved in and the post office was reopened, but in 1926 Carlock re-expired when the post office closed for the last time MAP WOTS: Details of the area^showlne a great number of jeep tralls^can be found on the Carlock, California^7^ minute United States Geological topographic map. More of the older sites are named on the 19^3 Saltdale and Randsburg, California^lS minute mans. -22- �ATOLIA, CALIFORNI4/~^ Atkins and DeGolia, two officers of the Tungsten Mining Company, each offered a part of t^^^ name, and the combination came out "Atolia." Some claim that DeGolia only jUvocT donated the "lia" and.a third man, Pete Osdlck, furnished A the '% •' The town grew around a number of tungsten mines and reached its peak population in 191^ and 1915. Seside dences were wit^y scattered, the flat^rolling land providing an unusual roominess for a mining town. C, H. (ysiim^^aiffle, of Red Mountain, just to the north, spent most of his life in the mines of Atolia. There is a modern plant to the south of Atolia, and a few folk n live nearby. Slim draws an imaginary line ^ear the plant and calls the numerous deserted mines, houses^and ruins to the north "Old Atolia." Most of the buildings are ramshackle and the mines long deserted^ wood bleaching in the sun, ore cars rusting on the dumps. Many of the old mines utilized slanted shafts aboutdegrees off vertical, permitting the skip to skid up and down on wooden rails. "It’s always been the tungsten we were after," says Slim. lA "In fact, we used to use chunks of the ore — scheelite that was down at Tim O’Connor's/glaloon. * Just a ten^ really, but he Called it the Bucket of Blood ." for poker chlps^y^ Slim didn’t elaborate, but high-grading must have been a way of life. It was a simple matter to slip some of �the better samples In lunch pail or pocket. It wasn’t considered exactly les^al, but then the mine owners exoected it and ignored the loss as lony as it was minor. The prac*J3^ tice was an early type of frincre benefit. The Union No. 1 Mine west of the old town was the best hole and no doubt offered the best opportunity to pocket an evening’s supply of poker chips. Outside of the usual hotel, livery, poollhall* and I saloon, Atolla had a picture show and a dairy. The town hit its first boom in 1914 during World War I, and the population reached several thousand. Shortly after the war, Charlie Taylor and Charlie Churchill, owners of some of the best holdings, sensed an impending bust. They sold out, and within a few years the bottom fell out of the price of tuna:sten. The population of the town, already depleted, shrunk to a stubborn few. The area abounds in back roads and old ruins. Nearby Red Mountain, Johannesburg, and Randsburg, all old mining towns, are well worth a visit. A back road connecting Randsbure- and Atolia makes a circle tour possible. MAP NCTSi The 1911 Randsburg, California.15 minute United States Geological Survey topographic map shows some of the back roads and many of the old mines. -24- �gjOLGAHPIi; CAMP, gALIFoa^TIA 31a‘ht miles north of Barstow on the Gamp Irwin Highway, a graveled route called the Copper City Hoad exits six and. a half to the north. Sxactlv 4^^ miles along this road and Just over a low pass, a nondescript dirt road heads to the northwest. At this point a multiplicity of interlacing back roads and dunes buggy trails makes eyeball navigation a must. Goolgardie Gamp is exactly Qmiles northwest of the junction and in line with a prominent, but unnamed^knob that rises 800 feet above the flats of Goolgardie Gamp. The remains of the old placer camn are sparse, but the scenery is great. The Joshua^^^ees are magnificent, many of them growing taller and broader of trunk than the revered specimens in the Joshua ’'Tatlonal Forest. Space is plentiful, water is scarce. If you wish to pan out some sand, be sure to include extra supplies of water. There are several active claims in Goolgardie Gamp, suggesting that care be taken in the choice of panning sites lest one be guilty of accidental claim- Jumping. Dozens of old^deserted mines are to be found in the area, and a number of geologic features carry names that Invite insnectlon. There are Opal Mountain, Inscription Canyon, Superior Lake, xlalnbow Basin, and Fossil Canyon. of Goldstone to the northwest The old town has a wall or two still stand-***^^ ing, and to the southeast is the site of Bismark. fA JJear Bismark is the restored "ghost town" of Calico — possibly -25- �worth a visit — If you like crowds and enjoy a carnival atmosphere. MAP WOTEi The Opal Mountain, Lane Mountain, Barstow, and Daygett, Californla^lS minute United States Geoloylcal » Survey topographic maps are all required to tour the area. -26- �1 CALIFOaNIA AaSA 4 L 3^, = ' MASONIC GALIFJR^TIA^ Traces of gold were found in the narrow, unnamed gulch in I860. Although rich deposits were present just below the surface, it wasn't until 1900 that Joe Green scratched away the overburden to bring the yellow color to light. The vein revealed was rich, and Joe promptly laid out his claim. Appropriately, he registered the find as Jump Joe Mine.*^ Two years later Dorsey located a richer vein nearby - Phillips, Bryan^and which became known as the '’Pittsburg Liberty.**” By 1907 a sizable camo filled the ^ulch, separating naturally into three sections — upper, middle, and lower, where the @;stamp Liberty Mill was sited. Although the popu­ lation of all three added up to no more than 500, a great many of the 500 were Masons, and it wasn’t lonsr before a hall was built. Soon another was constructed and the town named Masonic. In 1910, after three good years and $600,000 in bullion extracted, the Pittsburg Liberty Company went broke. The body of Phillips, one of the owners, was found at the bottom of the Liberty^aft. Some claimed suicide, others murder, but the records called it an accident. A second attempt to mine the ^Ich was between 1933 and 1938, By that time the town had become nearly -27- �deserted, and the new mining did little to attract new citizens. Masonic has been vacant for more than twenty years. A few shacks and a log building mark the site of Middle Masonic. More shacks, mill ruins, and a rock;walled is left of Lower Town. all that Sven the overhead tramway cables have fallen. Upper town holds a pitiful remnant of collapsed * shacks and stubborn log corners. Mot a trace remains of the Masonic Halls, but^ according to the map, the name Masonic has survived. It is found on every geologic feature of note withinmiles of town. There is Masonic ©(ulch. Masonic Mountain, Masonic Spring, and Masonic Greek’^ but there is not a single Mason left in Masonic Town. MAP MOTS; The Bridgeport, California^l5 minute United States Geological Survey topographic map shows the three sites. �BODia, GALIFOHinA | History at best Is Inexact. Pour authorities give four different versions of the naming of Bodie Town, variously, the first man to find gold in the area was named William Bodey, William S. Body, Waterman 3. Body, and Water^ man S. Bodye. There seemdd to be a tie between William and *»*>* Waterman ^and complete confusion concerning the last name. Town fathers decided to name the place known to be wrong Bodie, a spelling but guaranteed to at least achieve proper pronunciation. The man with the questionable name discovered placer gold at the head of Cottonwood Canyon in 1859. He took his small poke to Monovllle and traded it for a winter’s worth cc of food. He andy^friend, 3. 3. Taylor, set out for Bodie, but a blizzard caught them on the way, Bodie in blankets and went for help. find his friend. Taylor wrapped the exhausted On return he could not In fact, Bodie's body was not found until the following soring. Weather in Bodie was not just a topic of conversation, it was a matter of survival. Many citizens died in the winter of I878 when twenty:foot drifts were common and wood was in short supply. The 8,600tfoot altitude, although it promised m114 summer^^euaranteed severe winters. A Death by man-made violence was also common ~ more common than the church-going faction would desire -29- or the �Chamber of Commerce would admit. shot to death. In one week men were Cj The "Bodie 601" vifrilance ^roup attempted to control the violence by adding lynching as an alternate to murder. The big boom came to Bodie in I878 when the Standard Mine (formerly the Bunker Hill) hit a heavy gold vein. An earlier discovery of gold in a collapsed working was eclipsed by the richness of the new find, which ran to ^^,000 per ton. The rush was on^and the population zoomed from several hundred to 10,000 or more. There were @ newspapers, and0of them were published dailyl A 32smlle railroad was built in 1881, connecting the forested area of Mono Lake with the wood-poor mining town. Quickly Bodie changed from a tent: and: shack community to a wood; and*, brick city. quickly, the boom subsided. And just as As the veins thinned, so did the population, and by 1882 there were fewer than 500 folk rattling about a town built for times their number. But in its short heyday Bodie was a genuine heller. Stages were robbed of bullion so often that the Wells|^argo Company called in their brest shots to ride guard on the money runs. Sixty-five saloon^ gin mills, and ale stoops were in operation — all of them,.making money. The Parole Saloon and the Sawdust Corner sought out the ordinary customer, while the Senate and Cabinet lured the carriage trade. Three breweries supplied the draft, and a handful —--------------------------------------- -30- ' �of churches valiantly fought the flow. It was a loosing battle, and the cry "Goodby^God, I‘m going to Bodie'”’’ be came c o mmon. Polite folk referred to the sinful part of toivn as the "redslight district," but. for the customers. Maiden Lane and Virgin Alley held more than red lights. I^ellle Monroe, Hosa May, "Beautiful Doll(^ and Eleanor Dumont, otherwise called "Madam, Mustache^^ ran houses as respect/-^ able as any establishments in the state. When a hydroelectric power plant of sent electricity on a ^^rmile Journey to Bodie, the lines were laid out straight for fear the mysterious juice could not navigate sharp corners. It worked I When the switch was closed, a motor in Bodie delivered power, satisfactorily operating the hoist of the Standard Mine. The engineers of the system were quickly sought out to build similar install^ whether tions throughout the world. It is not knom they ever ve: tured to curve their lines. The James S. Caln Company owned the Midnight Mine adjacent to the Standard Mine. In 1915 the Standard Mining Company was found guilty of tapping the Midnight's vein. As settlement, the Caln Company was given title to the Standard It was a hollow victory, for there was little gold left in either mine. The railroad gave up service the next year, and only the die-hards remained in town. �In 1962 the State of California designated Bodie in a state of "arrested decay." rebuilding is allowed. The result is Tiarvelous. Looting Is prevented. as It was when deserted. The town remains There are no shops^and there Is no carnival atmosphere. Occasionally a wedding is held, at the old Methodist Church. Sven then the spirit of Bodie is honored, as the participants wear costumes of Bodie's *ooora townera. MAP MOTS: ’Jo The Bodie, California^15.minute United States Geological Survey topographic map shows the area In detail. -32- �GALIPOHWIA ARaA COLUMBIA. GALIFORNIA^^ After a visit to Bodie it is most appropriate to have a look at Columbia^ a living, operating, faithfully re^ stored city of the late 1800^ In 19^5 the Mate /retrislature voted to preserve Columbia as an historic Mate Z^rk. Careful restoration has been carried out continuously since that time. Here, Instead of peeking ij^the window you can walk in the stores, study the fixtures^ the stock, and sometimes purchase period items from appropriately attired clerks. Columbia, "The Gem of the Southern MinesfjJ has had a colohful history, and. the reporting of its history has been * just as colorful, with exaggerations and embellishments causing and great variation in "fact." a multiplicity of figures Gold was discovered here by Mexicans in the 1840|^J^ or by Doctor Hildreth’s party in 1850. Believing sudden riches might be difficult for foreigners to handle, the Hildreth Party chased off the Mexicans (some deny the Mexicans were there first) and took over the dlggincs. The place was called ^Hildreth’s later, since only "men of the dominant Diggings, nationality were allowed, it was called American Gamp, Within a month 5,000 (some claim up to 8,000) pros^X^ pectors were panning in the area. suggested a name to match. became a town. The magnitude of the camp Columbia was selected, and the ©amp �To alleviate the short supply of water, extensive flumes and reservoirs were constructed. The price of sluice Tuolumne water, as charged by the County Water Company, was so high that within a few years the miners formed their own company and began construction of a sixty*mile aqueduct. 3y 1852 city streets had been laid out^ and. 150 (or was it 180?) businesses were in operation. 3y I853 Columbia was the third largest city In California, with a population of 10,000 (or 15,000). That year a petition was circulated asking the governor to designate Columbia as the Xtate ;?^pitol. The petition, with 10,000 signatures, was stored In the bank, but Senator Goffroth, who was representing a convicted murd.erer awaiting execution, stole the petition and rewrote the first page to read like a pardon for his client. The man was pardoned, and talk of a X^ate yCapitol waned. The city grew, and in 185^ there were 30 (4o) saloons, 1 brewery, 1 (2) churches, 143 (I60) gambling joints, 17 (23) stores, 4 (8) hotels, 7 bakeries, 4 (8) banks, and 2 (3) theat^s. Fire destroyed much of the business district In 1854, and it was rebuilt with brick. partly The miners’ aqueduct was and Columbia’s future looked bright. Throughout Columbia’s history incidents transpired. wildest. Here again a number of bizarre The Barclay lijnching was perhaps the the variations are many. The best second version will again be included in parenthesis. -34- �A fellow named Smith, well under the influence, became annoyed with barmaid Martha Barclay’s foul language and her demands that Smith vacate the premises. Smith re^^ portedly pushed (slapped) barmaid Barclay just as her husband, John, entered. John shot Smith dead on the spot. A friend of Smith's proceeded to lobby against John's logeVtty 'and managed to work up a drunken lynching committee. Once decided, even the /f^riff couldn't stop the gang. Barclay was strung up. using a sluice as gallows. The drunken mob had forgotten to tie Bai^^ay's hands, and Barclay was hanclng on"~^ the rope for dear life. The miners climbed up on the sluice and jerked the rope (hung oiT^o Barclay's legs)kbut Barclay's ccrip was *** t They dropped him repeatedly solid. pr they hoisted a miner atop the sluice to beat Barclay's fists with a pistol butt) until he lost both his grip and his life. Fire ravaszed the central part of town for the second time in 1857. As a result, streets were widened and brick buildings were equipped with fires^ and burglar**^ proof steel shutters. The rebuilding took place in spite of the thinning gold deposits. The hards.rock and placer mines were subject to X great promotions and repeated sales. Salting was a way of life and was carried out in a number of devious ways. Early crude attempts ^ike shotgunning a load of gold into the tunnel walB yielded gold on the surface and none beneath. Only a �heglnner would buy thatand many did. Salting had been a sophisticated art In the Columbia area since 1851. The art may have reached Its zenith when two knowledsreable Chinese, wise to every saltT* Inor method, looked Into the purchase of a placer claim owned by a couple of unprincipled men. The Chln^ ese were on the lookout for pipe smokers, knowing that gold was often put In with the tobacco and the pipes knocked They knew about gold-laden out Innocently In the sluice. sweat bands wiped out while held over the gold pan. In fact, they were ready to resist any distraction that might permit the sly addition of gold and the consequent raise In the asking price of the claim. The Chinese selected the spot to dig their own shovel. and used The sellers were kept at a distance. ’■(Then the sluice was half filled, a rattlesnake fell off a nearby hummock, right on to the spot where the Chinese were digging. Quickly one of the sellers fired his shotgun, klll>- Ing the snake and saving the Ilves of one or more Chinamen. After profuse thanks were given, the Chinese continued digging, filled the slulcey.and washed It through. A surT' prlslnv amount of dust was found In the riffles, and the claim sold for a fancy price. worked again. The old shotgun trick had The "live" snake had been dead, but the -36- �gun shot was real — gold dust I J the lead had been exchanged for 3ret Harte put it well when he wrotej "The ways of a man with a maid may be strange, yet simple and tame To the ways of a man with a mine when buying or selling the same." The gold just plain ran out in the late fifties. Mo amount of salting or promoting could save the town. Columbia declined rapidly in i860. Host of the population reduction occurred that one year as thousands deserted the town. A number of buildings were razed and the ground beA neath hydraullcked for gold, right down to bedrock. The great imajorlty of the old buildings of Columbia have survived. 5very year another building is restored to permit full operation. Slowly the "Gem of the Southern Hines." Columbia is again becoming �MAP MOTS: The Columbia, Californl^7^ minute United States Geolos:ical Survey topocrraphic map shows the area in great detail. tail The 15 minute map of the same area shows less de­ but more of the surrounding area. -X- �fourth ch0531 NG, CALIPORN^ A Three accounts place Fourth Crossing in three different places. :2ven the plaque at the site mentions a location other than the one occupied. Apparently the original Fourth Crossing was on the South Pork of the Calaveras River, miles west of the present site. It was probably moved shortly after its establishment to an easier crossing of San Antonio Creek. In spite of the relocation, it remained the fourth crossing on the Stockton-Murphys Stage Road. Grace Bonte has lived in the old stage depot, now a sheep ranch headquarters, since 1926. She states that the toKjn once boasted nearly two hundred inhabitants, centered about a hotel-saloon-stage station combination, and an expan­ sive livery. A s-eneral store, schooly^and residences probably made up the balance of the community. Originally both placer and Fourth Crossing was a mining town, 'hard®rook . were the best producers. The Later Thorp and North Shaft the town became an Important stage and freight depot, serving the southern mines of California’s mother lode. The narrow, one-way bridge handled traffic adequately until the turn of the century, by which time the mining effort had declined. Now the old hotel-stage station is overgrown with trees and the bridge, lined on both sides with woven-wlre fencing, is reserved exclusively for sheep and foot traffic. -39- Across �the creek, and on the opposite side of the road, are a few deserted buildings of the postsI9OO era. One, an old-style gas station, would indicate that the onecway bridge was used for auto traffic before being replaced with a wider bridge a short distance upstream. I4AP MOTS I Fourth Grossing is centrally located on the San Andrea^ Galifornla^l5 minute United States Geological Survey toposeraphic map. �The cannon was loaded, primed^and aimed level The Confederate sympa4 down the main street of Volcano. thizers suddenly halted their march on the Union Forces. A flanking move was tried, but the Blues quickly swunc? the muzzle of *^ld Abe-^to bear on the Grey leader. assault died. The Volcano remained a Union town. It is well that Ajld Abewas not used, for the "cannoneer" had overloaded the weanon, and if fire^ it would have blown up, doiny more damage to its handlers than to the target MQuW hftvo infon the target It all began when Confederate sympathizers s^^ cretly organized a branch of the "Knights of the Golden Circle." e Discovery of the existence of the protsouthern group led to the formation of the "Volcano Blues." The Blues, forty-one strong, were equipped with uniforms and small arms. An undercover agent was planted in ‘^he Knights^ and it was learned an attempt would be made to take over the town and divert the gold to the southern cause. To gain the needed edge in fire power, an old ship's cannon was purchased by the *^lues*^and hauled in secretly from San Francisco. The cannon was hidden in a remote shop while a carriage was built for it. in place of ball and grape shot. -w- Rounded rocks were used It was fired only once. �and that time for effect only — just to keep the *Knights in line. Volcano is one of California’s oldest mining towns. Its boom population of 5>000 time. dwindled into a handful at one Mow it numbers almost a hundred. old town has been maintained. The flavor of the There are no neon signs or gas stations in, or even near^the town. 7 more than 120 years old. Many of the buildings are Gold was found in this crater^like but non^volcanic area in the summer of 1^48^ I’lembers of the Mew York^t Regiment Mexican War Volunteers ^hose presence in the area has never been satisfactorily explained) find placer gold in the streams. severe, and in the spring The winter of ’45^was two Mexicans happened upon the diggings and found the bodies of two soldiers. Word of the strike spread, and soon the valley. Inevitably called Gulch, Soldiers’ was swarming with prospectors. The town grew quickly, as ordinary placer techni|>- ques were replaced with larcres.scale hydraulic operations. $90 million 2ventually, d silage worth of gold was to be ex^ tracted. By 1858 the town had five churches, a school, various social clubs, three butcher shops, a theat^^, three breweries, and a dozen times that number of saloons. town had the first library and the first astronomical observatory in California. The �After the Civil War and in 1868 production of gold slacked, a number of very well: insured buildings burned to the ground. The old Sibley Brewery, built in 1858, is the only brewery surviving. The jail stands unused at the two-by-twelves north end of town, its double-walled 13»c sandwichinv sheets of boiler plate. It is claimed that the two men built it got drunk on their pay ij.ail's first occupants. 60 and ended up as the Across the street, the old Chinese store is in operation as the *^radlng Post.*** Beside it, locked securely in its tailor-made enclosure, "^Old Abe*^ points its muzzle down main street, re-enacting the day it won the war in Volcano, WOTS: t The Mokelumne Hill, California^ 15 minute United States Geological Survey tonographlc map shows Volcano and many other historic sites. -43- ^2- �PaaNCH CORRAL, CilLIFORNIA Elton 0. Smith, born in 1901, has lived in French Corral all his life. His grandparents are buried in the He attended grammar school and hip-hZ cemetery west of town. school in the old school-community center, remodeled from one of French Corral’s boomstime hotels of the 1850^. There were 0 youngsters in his graduating class. We stood in front of the old school enjoying the late afternoonsun, visiting about the town as Slton knew It. "That screened-ln building in front of the school? 1^ feet — ’course It goes way on down. © There are benches in there — screens keep out the bugs— ’course it's leaning now. into it with their car." Someone ran Elton was the janitor at the school for a time, receiving $27.00 per year for his morning flre-building and evening sweejT^p. "We had a fancy bell up in that tower at one time, he pointed to the vacant tower. "had three hundred dollars kA * worth of silver in it — before they poured, they melted silver dollars right in it! Someone stole it. The bell broke loose^and they dropped it on the roof -- knocked a big hole in it. Sheriff got it back. Supposed to be locked up in the old Well^^argo building now. " �Concerning the boom years in French Corral, Elton Smith related some stories passed on to him by his parents, fifties. "There were ^00 people here in the Lots of hydraulic work going on. It was a wild place. then went wild on Sundays. ^days Men worked Lots of drinking ~ some men crawled home on their hands and knees." Elton pivoted to look toward the center of town.—"On the Fourth of July one year they dug a cannon in, set it right in the center of town, and a man named Bradford loaded it up. Everyone moved He had overloaded it, and it back, and Bradford set it off. blew his head off — rolled(4^ feet away, the head that isl He’s burled in the cemetery, head and all." I was tempted to ask if Bradford had moved in from Volcano. The town started in 18^9/^when a French settler built a corral to hold his mules. When placer gold was found in the San Juan Hidge, a town grew around the corral. Giant hydraulic guns tore the gold out of the surrounding hillsides. The Haker Act of 1888, one of this country's first environmental laws, brought hydraulic operations to a halt. French Corral faded rapidly. Now less than^^ people reside in the area. The map of Area 5 does not extend north far enough to Include French Corral. In lieu of a map, one can drive west of Grass Valley, through Rough and Ready to Casey Corner. Two miles west of Casey Corner, the Bridg^ port road exits to the right. About seven miles to the north �the road crosses the South Fork of the Yuba River at the site of the old town of Bridgeport, where an astounding wooden covered bridge still spans the river. French Corral is three miles beyond the bridge to the northeast. The present Bridgeport road was originally called the Virginia Turnpike, a toll'^^ad servicing the northern extreme of the mother lode. The bridge across the Yuba was an important part of that toll*^oad and remains as an ex*^ ample of the excellent workmanship of the era. Built entirely of wood, except for nails and bolts, the bridge clears the river in one cleany^unsupportedy^.2306foot span. It is the longest singletspan wooden bridge in the world, and it is a covered bridge to boot. Built by David Isaac Johnwood in 1862, with wood cut in his own sawmill, the bridge served for^^ years as a toll crossing, then for another (7^years as a public convenience. In 1971 it was closed to heavy traffic. A new highway bridge was built a short distance upstream. Recently the massive wooden bridge was declared a California Historical Landmark, and the Arae rij^ can Society of Civil Engineering declared it a National Historic Civil Snsrineering landmark. It is truly an amazing structure, A dozen miles to the northeast, near Camptonville, another wooden bridge spans the lesser width of Oregon Creek. This bridge, built in i860, has developed a mild swayback but �is still rated safe for 17,000tpound loads. The -bridtre was floated off its foundations when English Dara broke in 1883. It was pulled back in place, wrong end to, by ox teams. California has much to offer in the way of historic sijrhts. It abounds in ghost towns of all varieties. Its covered bridges are an unexpected bonus. MAP MOTS, y 15 minute The Grass Valley and Nevada City, Californla/»^ topographic maps show the area in excellent d e tail. SND CALIFORNIA ARCA 5 END CALIFORNIA y � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Norman Weis Manuscripts Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a> Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1971-1987 Description An account of the resource A collection of manuscripts by Casper College professor Norman Weis. <br /><br />This collection includes manuscripts of:<br /><em>Ghost Towns of the Northwest: Known and Unknown<br />The Starduster<br />Two-Story Outhouse<br />Helldorados<br /></em><br />Each manuscript contains written in edits by Norman Weis Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Norman Weis Language A language of the resource ENG Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Norm Weiss Manuscripts and Photographs, CCA 10.2003.01 WyCaC US. Casper College Archives and Special Collections. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Searchable PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCA 10.2003.01_Weis_Manuscripts Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Manuscript Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <em>Helldorados</em> Part I: California Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <div class="element-text five columns omega"> <p><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a></p> </div> Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1975 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Norman Weis Language A language of the resource ENG Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Norm Weiss Manuscripts and Photographs, CCA 10.2003.01 WyCaC US. Casper College Archives and Special Collections. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCA 10.2003.01_Weis_Helldorados_Calif Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Searchable PDF https://caspercollege.cvlcollections.org/files/original/3d2cc67b434470e851468c11219c69aa.pdf 3285eb1d464b5e6f65365bd6315334f5 PDF Text Text HELLDORADOS �other Books by the Author; *1 All About Grizzly Bears All About the White-Tailed. Deer Ghost Towns of the Northwest �Helldorados, Ghosts and Gamps of the Old Southwest by Norman D. Weis Photographs and. Maps by the Author The CAXTON PRINTERS, Ltd. Caldwell, Idaho 85605 1975 7 �© 1975 by The Caxton Printers, Ltd Caldwell, Idaho International Standard Book Niamber 0-00000-000-0 ’ Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 00 006000 O'- - -2 ^^3 - Lithographed and bound in the United States of America by The CAXTON PRINTERS, Ltd. Caldwell, Idaho 85605 000000 �Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data “o3, ghosts, and camps of the old South west. towns, Ruined, extinct, etc.-q(-3(-ps 2 Mines and mining--■3 outhSouthwestern . Southwestern States — western States-History. > History, Local. I1 75-85117 ISBN O-87OOU-2b-5“2 ��J CONTENTS Page oo Preface . Introduction ..................................... oo Py?T I — CALIFORNIA ■^ea 1 Cerro Gordo 00 Swansea 00 Barwin 00 Area 2 Hart ••••••••• 00 00 Barnwell Sagamore Mine Camp ..... 00 Area 3, Garlock 00 Atolia 00 . 00 ....... 00 Coolgardie Camp Area 4 Masonic Bodxe . • . 00 ..... Area Columbia 00 Fourth Crossing 00 Volcano French Corral ....... 00 ...... 00 �2-2-2 Conteixts Page yi PART II — ARIZONA Area 1 Silver King.......................................................................... 00 Sonora ......... 00 Area 2 Oleator 00 Crown King 00 ........ 00 . 00 ,,,,,, 00 ......... 00 Oro Selle Jerome............................................. Stanton ... Weaver . . Octave................................................................................... 00 Area 5 ........ 00 ......... 00 Goldroad Oatman Mineral Park................................................................. 00 White Hills . 00 PART III — NEVADA Area 1 Bullfrog.......................................................................... 00 Rhyolite ........ 00 Gold Point.......................................................................... 00 Lida ......... 00 7 �5-5-3 Content; Page Area 2 .............................................. . . 00 Belmont ....... . . 00 Ione....................................................... . . 00 . . . 00 .... . . 00 ..... . . 00 .............................................. . . 00 ..... . . 00 . . 00 ..................................... . . 00 Shermantown ...... . . 00 . . 00 Manhattan Berlin............................................. Illinois Mine Camp Area 3 Virginia City Gold Hill Area 4 Monte Cristo Hamilton Treasure City PART IV ~ ISEtf MEXICO ^ea 1 Gardiner Dawson ...... .................................................... 00 Colfax......... 00 Area 2 Cerrillos .......................................................................... 00 Madrid................................................................................... 00 Area 3 Mongo lion QO Shakespeare................................................................. 00 Valedon ......... 00 �4-4-4 y Page PART V ~ COLORADO Area 1 ....... 00 ......... 00 ••..... 00 HoWardsville Eureka Animas Porks Area 2 Irwin................................................................................... 00 Gothic City.......................................................................... 00 Area 5 St. Elmo.......................................................................... 00 00 Turret............................................. Calumet...................................................... . 00 Wolf................................................................................... 00 MT VI ~ UTAH Area1- . Spring Canyon Standardville Latuda, Rains, 00 ....... 00 ..... 00 Mutual A^a 2 Prisco.............................................................. 00 Cisco.........................................................................00 Bibliography ............................................................... Index ........... 00 00 �PRSPACB old. Truth springs easily from the young and the very The X^id-^mer has outlived his Inhibitions, and the younorster has yet to feel the need of precaution. Their frank assessments and blunt statements are refreshing In a time when studied obscurity Is often the rule. Old-jrlmers and youngsters have played an Important part In this book. Without them much wisdom, humor, and his*?* Si tory would be missing. To them I owe my greatest debt. In the process of visiting, photographlngy^and gathering Information on the several hundred sites from which material for this book was selected, much help was offered by strangers that I now count as friends. As the text was assembled, valued assistance was rendered by a number of talented Individuals. To the following, I would like to tender my warmest thanks» Mike Herblson, Head of Libraries, University of Colorado^gampuo Colorado Springs, whose objective criticisms have always been valued: My wife. Jay, who has typed each of these nearly 60,000 words at least four times: Senator Gale McGee of Wyoming, for assisting In the procurement of maps both current and historical: �Darwin Fetters of Nipton, California, C. P. Thorpe of Cordes Junction, Arizona, and John Strahan of Ouray, Colo-* radc^for taking the time to pour over a multitude of mapsj Grace Middleton of Silver King, Arizona, Just for being Grace Middleton; Slim Riffle of Red Mountain, California, who burned his steak while telling me about old Atolia; C. 0. Carlson and Olive Hunt, who loaded me down with ore samples and fossils; Yancy Perea and Gene Vick, the twelve:yearcold sages from Los Cerrlllos; And my very special thanks to the >31d:J^imer from the Mayer, Arizona^area who insisted that he remain "unanimous. His tales were grand, and with a little scrubbing I was able to include most of them. Assuredly I will honor his request ~ his identity will always remain "consequential" with me. �_2E7 INTRODUCTION It may have been a wild and woo^y >ti^ldorado, mining a desolate a|y(» camp high above timberline, or a stubborn community of farmers joined In an Improbable endeavor. Whatever the nature of the town, its reason & for exlst^yice evaporated. It may have been the collapse of overblown stocks, pinchedrout veins, or the realization that the extremes of nature were beyond domestication. In 2^ any event, the citizenry vacatedif not entirely, at least to an overwhelming degree. With the passage of time, the reason for the town’s existenceand the cause of its demise may have be/^ come clouded. The longrdeserted remains of once;active 3 towns become a fe^lnating challenge to anyone possessing a modicum of curiosity. Some deductions are easy. Square nails gave way to machines made round nails in 1885, therefore an old hotel with square nails was probably built before 1885. Tin cans with hands-soldered dots centered in the tops were last made in 1915^ ergo, a roundxnailed shack with soldersdot cans strewn about was built after 18853 and probably deserted prior to 1915. Cl)^- <^^*1 �Generally, local museums and libraries can pro-^^ vide a reasonably complete history of the deserted towns in a given area. However, in the case of the littlerknown site, little of worth can be found in the existing lltera/^ ture. Occasionally an ;3id=ia^mer can be sought out, but some towns (like Wolf, Colorado'^ defy complete deduction's and permit only a speculative history to be drawn. Researching the little-known site, however, is easy compared to the original determination of its existence and location. Much of my effort was directed toward that end. To find an unknown site by direct ground search of an area might take a lifetime. By air easierTstut prohibitively exnenslve. be to scan a few thousand maps. the job would be A third method would The last option is at pre^ sent the only one available to me, although I am working on a means of making economical air search possible. geological The United States has carried out a survey for nearly one hundred years. Maps of the west have been drawn in great detail^ and published for general use since 1896. The first places to be mapped were the population centers and the mineralized areas. The latter show a great number of mining towns and camps, most of which were short =lived. Frequently^ two maps of the same area, but of different �dates, will reveal the sudden shrinkage indicative of a newly deserted town. Sven with just one map available^ a number of likely "unknowns" can be pinpointed by scanV' ning carefully for mine shafts, tunnels, dead=end railroads, and unoccupied buildings. Topographic maps that show the ground surface and cultural development in sufficient deV^ tail for such study are available from the United States Department of the Interior, Geological Survey, Denver Federal Center, Denver, Colorado, 80225. The Howardsvilie, ColoradOa?! minute topographic map, scaled 1 to 24,000 (that’s about three inches to the mileshows the ground surface in extreme detail. A section of that map is reproduced here. Howardsville (A), at the upper left corner, shows an aerial tramway connecting an empty rectangle in town with another rectangle half a mile up the hill. The tramway is labeled^ "abandoned^^ which Indicates that the mine above and the mill below are probably very old. leading to the mine A trail shown invites *§nisite"^inspection. The Pride of the West Mill is shown in black and appears to be operating^ however, the map is dated 1955. and the mill mlght have closed down in the interim. A search of the literature showj^ that Howardsville was a rather well know/» but small ghost town with one mill still operating. shut down. Obviously the Pride of the West’ had not Howardsville was selected as a site worth �visiting, primarily due to the number of old mine camps evident on the map. Any one of them could be a worthwhile^ little^known site. On visitation, the old mill at Howardsville was found to ^e a marvel worth several rolls of film. The mine and mill complex at (B) and (C) turned out to be a disappoint^ ment. The mill was completely gone, and little evidence of the Old Hundred Mine could be discerned with field glasses. An early summer snow prevented my visiting (3), the Gary Owen Mine, and (D), the unnamed mine on Rein Gulch. The four buildings and six tunnels, all in a cluster, still Intrigue me. I will hike up there some summer day, and while I’m at it, I’ll visit the Buffalo Mine (P), and perhaps circle about so as to take the pack trail, (J), back to the road. The pack trail and the road were part of the original route into the area. That route came up the headwaters of the Rio Grande River, then topped over Stony Pass, on down Stony Gulch, to Howardsville. The Little Fanney Mine, (H), clings to the hillside, making a sreat photograph for those owning a long lens. The Highland Mary Mine, (K), was once a town of the same name, I had great hopes that this site would hold a number of buildings but found only foundations. Glassing the hillside showed that item (G), The Shenandoah, was not worth a 2,000-foot thou8a^^^™^®e«^ climb. All in all, the area was a bust, except for Howardsville and the Little Fanney, �My map analysis of the six southwestern states haed. revealed nearly a thousand possible "unknowns." A search of existing literature showed the great majority to be, in fact, rather well known. Of the remaining two hundred or so, less than one in ten proved worthwhile. Many were wiped out. Others had been reactivated. The topocrraphic maps most commonly used in this type of research are the 7l minute/n inch to the mlle^ and the 15 mlnutenl inch to the milek The designation of 7| minute or 15 minute refers to the ancles of latitude and longitude included on the map. Of course there are 60 minutes to a decree, and 360 degrees make a great circle of the earth. The important thing to remember is that the 7i minute map^ shows^only one-fourth the area of a 15 minute mapbut shows^it in four times the detail. Although the Paradise Peak, Nevada, 15 minute map is of lesser detail than the Howardsville 7^ minute map, it contained more in the way of possible "unknown" sites. The portion of the map reproduced here includes the area from Gabbs, Nevada, at the southwest, to Lodi Tank at the -Northeast Items (A) and (B) represent towns supposedly still active ~ active as of 1948, the date on the map. The towns, however, might have bo^m» deserted in the past 25 years. Item (C), Downeyville, was listed as a site, meaning it was a deserted town twenty-five years ago. No buildings are shown �but more than twenty shafts indicated. and numerous prospects are Items (D), (S), and (P) looked promi si ng pecially (P), the Illinois Mine Camp. Pour empty squares and eight solid squares indicated that the camp consisted of (1^ buildings,of which were residential in nature. top of that, the mine was labeled "inactive/' On It looked like a good prospect, provided it had not been totally destroyed or reactivated since 19^8. When I visted the Gabbs area I found Brucite, (A), to be part of a large^ opens pit mine. (B), The Sierra Magnesite Gamp, was nothing but concrete slabs. At Downe;^ > Ville, (C), there was nothing. 1^ The Victory Tunarsten Mine, (D), was a small mine still operating. Lodi, (S), once quite a town, was now just one small water tank. But (P), The Illinois Mine Camp, was Indeed a find. Only a few of the dozen buildings were standing, but the remains at the site posed an interesting puzzle, ultimately pieced together by/search of the groundi and Nevada subsequent visits with Informed people at Gabbs, The|i^State Archives eventually provided a small additional amount of information, mostly about the old town of Lodi. Of the six^ teen possible unknowns on the two maps, only one had proved to be virgin of print and worthy of a day's research. Compared to the difficulties encountered in locating the wbrthwhile site, recording the remains on film was simple provided the elements were cooperative. I made it a practice �to spend the night in most of the deserted communities, in order to have the advantage of evening and morning light. Bleached boards respond well to black*andswhite photography^ provided the light plays across the surface — ■— to accent the grain and warp of the wood. Sometimes an hour’s wait, or a return for a last shot from a particular angle^made an ordinary scene into something spectacular. Staying overnight also permitted experimenting with time exposures by moonlight. Interesting and surprising results can be obtained if time and ^llm are spent freely. During my 7,000«mlle tour of the Southwest, more than 300 rolls of film were exposed, copious notes were taken, and a great number of oldctimers, nears olds timers, youngsters, and former residents were interviewed. Most folk were willing to visit*, however, some required a bit of cajoling. My inteirviewing techniques have always been less than spectacular andy^often abrupt to the point of alienation. Lately there has been some Improvement. My approach has graduated from "foot in mouth" to "tongue in cheek." Old-timers are often reluctant to talk with a stranger, especially one takes noteS, On a number of such occasions I found the application of tongue oil (a cold beer from the cooler) to be of great value. The social bility that resulted crenerally overcame any suspicions. ���TOPOGRAPHIC MAP SYMBOLS VARIATIONS WILL BE FOUND ON OLDER MAPS Hard surface, heavy duty road, four or more lanes .. . Boundary, national Hard surface, heavy duty road, tv*o or three lanes State Hard surface, medium duty road, four or more lanes. . . . County, parish, municipio Hard surface, medium duty road, two or three lanes Civil township, precinct, town, barrio Improved light duty road................................................................. - Incorporated city, village, town, hamlet. ZZZZZliZZZZZZ Unimproved dirt road and trail Dual highway, dividing strip 25 feet or less Dual highway, dividing strip exceeding 25 feet. ...... ..................... Reservation, national or state Small park, cemetery, airport, etc ..........------------------- Road under construction ........................ Land grant ======== Township or range line. United States land survey Township or range line, approximate location Railroad, single track and multiple track Section line. United States land survey Section line, approximate location Railroads in juxtaposition............................................................... d=i=t Narrow gage, single track and multiple track Railroad in street and carline .,___ Township line, not United States land survey Section line, not United States land survey Bridge, road and railroad..............................................................ZjZZ^Z Drawbridge, road and railroad.............. ........................... Footbridge....................................................................................................... Tunnel, road and railroad........................................... : Overpass and underpass .+ Section corner, found and indicated........................................ + ................................... ZjZZ^Z Boundary monument: land grant and other □......................□ United States mineral or location monument a ij II Z I Important small masonry or earth dam Dam with lock \ Index contour.............. .. Intermediate contour. . Supplementary contour Depression contours . . Fill...................................... Dam with road .n-rrn Levee................................. < Canal with lock 1 / , Cut........................... Levee with road............ Mine dump..................... Wash........................... Tailings............................. Buildings (dwelling, place of employment, etc.) Tailings pond................. Strip mine........................ Distorted surface......... School, church, and cemetery Buildings (barn, warehouse, etc.) Sand area........................ • .. . . Power transmission line ........................ Telephone line, pipeline, etc. (labeled as to type) ................... Wells other than water (labeled as to type) oOii Gravel beach................... Perennial streams . . . .Intermittent streams; . Elevated aqueduct.... , t>.~ Disappearing stream . ..,------- Water well and spring.o Tanks; oil, water, etc. (labeled as to type) Aqueduct tunnel oGas .......... • • • ©Water Small rapids Small falls Large rapids —~ -L”' ....... .iiii------ , Large falls o...................... 8 Located or landmark object; windmill Open pit, mine, or quarry; prospect........................................... y x Shaft and tunnel entrance............................... Y Dry lake Intermittent lake n Foreshore flat .* sJ— TrZyTTZ':??.-,., ' \ , Rock or coral reef.... " Sounding, depth curve.Piling or dolphin Horizontal and vertical control station: Exposed wreck BMA5653 Tablet, spirit level elevation Other recoverable mark, spirit level elevation Sunken wreck................. Rock, bare or awash; dangerous to navigation * s* A5455 Horizontal control station: tablet, vertical angle elevation VABMA9519 Any recoverable mark, vertical angle or checked elevation ^3775 BMX957 Vertical control station: tablet, spirit level elevation Other recoverable mark, spirit level elevation................. X954 Checked spot elevation.............................................................. . . Unchecked spot elevation and water elevation y.5657■ xaszs . . .s/o 51^ �Of the more than two hundred sites visited, sixty­ seven have been chosen for inclusion in this book. The selection includes wild towns, quiet camps, some well-known ffhost towns, and a smattering of "unknowns." It has been a loner but enjoyable endeavor locating and visiting each of these sites. Darkroom work and writing of the text has brought added satisfaction. I wish an equally pleasant experience to all those who tour "Helldorados I <£ Hinias Camps and— flUowxts of the^^Southwest.” gaxtion aditorr Chanue -last oontonoo t-o-fit tit ■^elected ■ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Norman Weis Manuscripts Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a> Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1971-1987 Description An account of the resource A collection of manuscripts by Casper College professor Norman Weis. <br /><br />This collection includes manuscripts of:<br /><em>Ghost Towns of the Northwest: Known and Unknown<br />The Starduster<br />Two-Story Outhouse<br />Helldorados<br /></em><br />Each manuscript contains written in edits by Norman Weis Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Norman Weis Language A language of the resource ENG Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Norm Weiss Manuscripts and Photographs, CCA 10.2003.01 WyCaC US. Casper College Archives and Special Collections. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Searchable PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCA 10.2003.01_Weis_Manuscripts Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Manuscript Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <em>Helldorados</em> Contents and Preface Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <div class="element-text five columns omega"> <p><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a></p> </div> Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1975 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Norman Weis Language A language of the resource ENG Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Norm Weiss Manuscripts and Photographs, CCA 10.2003.01 WyCaC US. Casper College Archives and Special Collections. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCA 10.2003.01_Weis_Helldorados_ContentsPreface Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Searchable PDF https://caspercollege.cvlcollections.org/files/original/62854d4f9cc45246a2b36056539c722c.pdf 16f675f88d10a470d53f0a9bb0213c8c PDF Text Text SDITI?JG INFORMATION 1. Please keep the reproduction of maps in introduction as full size as possible in order to prevent distortion of scale. 2. Sequence of states mav not be altered, except that last three may be interchanged. 3. I have deleted one weak area in Utah. Probably no further deletions will be required. If so, the last two towns in Arizona should be the first to go. 4”. Text is about 56,000 words. There are 285 Black and White photos, and 6? towns are covered in 6 states. 5. I have made no list of illustrations this time. Let's leave it out — okay? 6. I’ll leave the tbble of contents up to you folk. 7. A number of color slides have been included foh the cover. 8. The picture key is merely a guide to location — don't feel that it must be adhered to exactly. 9. / Am writing Gordon concerning my feelings on format. 10. Author's pix and information will follow. ROTS OP RUCK �^LLDORADOS-Weis G D ' ~ * ball mill bathhouse boardinghouse boomtown ■ M K 0 P dance hall diehards dry-wash dry wash cave-in millsite mine shaft open-pit powerhouse old-timer coalfield comedown core drilling crossbeam cussword E g G H Q R S T sidewall end-to-end railhead slabwood flatcar rainwater snowslide flywheel speakeasy guesswork ranch house rearview mirror gunslinger rockfall springwater storefront hard-rock (adj) rockslide sunbleached jackstrawed jeep (l.c.) lifeblood (like - solid as a suffix) . switchyard tollgate, tollroad sawlog secondhand theat^ U V V X Y Z upside-down icebox , ropework runoff (n) shutdown (n) sidetrack (v&n) I J g L : sweepup head-on hometown soddy water hole worktable zigzag tie rod townsite townspeople,^^ �BIBLIOGRAPHY Bancroft, Caroline, Six Racy Madams. r Boulder, Colqsad^t Johnson Publishing Co., I965. Barnes, Will C. Arizona Place Mames. General Bulletin No. 2. Unl-^rolty of Arizona Tucson, Arlze*iai Unlvorelty of Arizona^ 1935. Beebei Lucius M., and Gleurg, C.^I. The American West: Pictorial Epic of a Continent. New York: The E. P. Dutton and Go.,^?955. Brown, Robert L. An Empire of Silver. Caldwell, Idaho: The Caxton Printers, Ltd., I965. 3 ---- Ghost Towns of the Colorado Rookies. Caldwell, Idaho: The Caxton Printers, Ltd., 1971. ---- Jeep Trails to Colorado Ghost Towns. The Caxton Printers, Ltd., Caldwell, Idaho: 3%^ 5 ---- Colorado Ghost Towns, Past and Present. Caldwell, Idaho: The Caxton Printers, Ltd., 1972, Buffum, E. Gould. Six Months In the Gold Mines. Los Angeles: The Ward Ritchie Press, 1958. California State Parks and Recreational Department. Historical Landmarks. Carr, Stephen L. Sacramento: California I968. The Historical Guide to Utah Ghost Towns. Publishing Co., Salt Lake City, Utah: Western Spies1972. �Gold Is the Cornerstone. Caughey, John W. Berkeley! Uni-v^fffllty of California Press, 19^8. July^l9^0j March, 19^1} July, 19^1} Colorado Magazine. January, 19^2. Cook, Fred S. Legends of the Southern Mines. Traveler, California /Mb date. Daughters of the Utah Pioneers. Grand 1972. County, Utah* Driggs, Howard R. Grand Memories. Westward America. G. P. Putnam's New York! Sons, 19^2. Eberhart, Perry. Guide to the Colorado Ghost Towns and Mining Gamps. Sage Books, 1959. Denver, Coloaadai Fisher, Vardls, and Holmes, Opal Laurel. Gold Rushes and Mining Camps of the Early American West. Caldwell, Idahoi The Caxton Printers, Ltd., 1968. Florin Lambert. Western Ghost Towns. Seattle, Wash^gtont Superior Publishing Go., 196I. ---- Ghost Town Trails. Seattle.Washi ngton! A Superior Publishing Co., 1964. 3 lA. —-—Ghost Town Treasures. Seattle, Washington! Publishing Company, 1965. Superior �Gudde, Erwin G. California Place Names. Berkeley: Univ»goi-»y of California Press, I969. Hall, Prank. History of the State of Colorado. Chicac-oJ Illtnaioi^ Chicago Blakely Printing Co., I889. Hill, Rita. Then and Now, Here and There Around Shakespeare. Lordsburg, New Mexi^eei Huber, Joe, Privately printed, I963. The Story of Madrid. Albuquerque: Privately printed, I963. Anybody’s Gold: Jackson, Joseph Henry, Towns. San Francisco: The Story o^Kining Chronicle Books, 1970, Gold Rush Album, Jackson, Joseph Henry, New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 19^9, Jackson, William Henry,. Picture Maker of the Old West, with text based on diaries and notebooks, edited by Clarence S, New York: Jackson. Johnson, Robert Nlel. Callfe«*4i«: Lee, Bourke, Charles Scribner’s Sons, 19^7, Southwestern Ghost Town Atlas, s Susanville, Gy Johnson and Son, 1973. Peath^ Valley, The Immortal Desert. New York: Random House, 197^. Lockwood, Frank Pioneer Days in Arizona. Macmillan Co .^932. New York: The �Looney, Ralph, Haunted Highways, New Yorkj Hastings House, 1968, Ghost Towns of the West, McDowell, Jack, Editor, Gall3^gnt-ai Miller, Joseph, Lane Magazine Arlzonat Menlo Park, Book Co,, 1971, The Last Frontier, New Yorki Hastings House, 1956, Murbarger, Nell, Califojaaias Myrlck, David P, Ghosts of the Glory Trail, Desert Printers, Inc,, 1956. Railroads of Nevada and Eastern California, Berkeley; Califagnlat Nadeau, Re mi, Palm Desert, Howells North Books, 1962, Ghost Towns and Mining Camps of California, Los Angeles: Paher, Stanley W, The Ward Ritchie Press, I965. Nevada Ghost Towns and Mining Gamns, Berkeley; California} Reeve, Prank D. Howells North Books, 1970, History of New Mexico, New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Co,, I96I, Roll^, Andrew P, Galiforniat A History, New York: Thomas Y Crowell Go,, I969. Sherman, James E, ourufi* Barbara H, Norman, Oklah^aa: Ghost Towns of Arizona. Univepnl4y of Oklahoma Press, I969. �S11verberg, Robert. Mew York: Ghost Towns of the American West• Thomas Y. Crowell Co., I968. Gold In Them Hills. Ston:?, Phil. \ M. Y. ; Garden City, Ne^Yerki tAmV. > Doubleday (an^ Com^aiyif» 1957» I United States Forest Service, Maps of the National Forests of the Southwestern States, United States Geological Survey,jTopographlcj|||aps of areas of Interest In the Southwestern States, Utah Historical Quarterly, selected Issues, 1928-33. Gold Mines of California. Wagner, Jack R. Berkeley; Qallfornlat Howell-North Books, 1970. Watkins, T. H. Gold and Silver In the West. Callfogntai Palo Alto, American West Publishing Co,, 1971. Wolle, Muriel Slbell, The Bonanza Trail. BloomlngtonJ Indiana Unlvwpolty Press, 1958. Woods, Betty, Now Ghost Towns and How to Know Them. Press of the Young, Otis E. Jr., Western Mining. of Oklahoma Press, 1970. Santa Fe, N. 19^9. Norman, Oklahoma: UnlvegoXty �LIST GF ILLUSTRATIONS Photo Number N Howardsville Map cj t Paradise Peak Map Topographic Map Symbols 5 Map: California Area 1 oo Zx^tv -III 00 am 00-^ Waste dumps of Union Mine 00 6 Buildings at Cerro Gordo 00 1 Trackless trestle at Union Mine 00 4 Sporting house in Cerro Gordo 00 2 American Hotel, Cerro Gordo 00 "Town Council," Cerro Gordo 00 57 a ) 9 Cerro Gordo]^by moonlight i. 00 00 Rock building in Swansea 00 Swansea's famous smelter 00 10 T Deserted main street of Darwin OQ 11 Q Abandoned general store, Darwin 00 12 J Old Darwin schoolhouse 00 15 M Company town north of Darwin 00 Map: California Area 2 00 ni 0 1) >‘-1 16 2 Ruins of cabin in Hart 00 ) 1 14 5 Chimney of Norton residence. Hart 00 ) 'I 18 6^ Strange device left in Hart 00 19 7 Olay roaster and pulverizer 00 Q a 15 Z Wooden flywheel of Hart's water system 00 IT 17 it Old stirring paddle above Hart ooj, ]f �2-2-2 illustrations Photo Number 20 Old stage station in Barnwell 00 / 21 ? Water tank at Barnwell 00 Q .J 25 ; "Tin camp" at Sagamore Mine 00 Rock walls used little cement 00 Q _ Sagamore Mine gallows frame 00 Q Map2_0alif01*111 a Area. 5 Large arrastra used to crush ore 00 00 ? k 3 Miller Building, 00 5 Z 24 J ______ 22 2^ 25 Oarlock 4 Existing buildings in Oarlock 00 Slanted track for hoisting tungsten ore 00 ? 5* Mine shaft at Atolia 00 Old buildings, Atolia 00 ”5* 5^ ; Deserted placer camp, Coolgardie 00 O’ 7 J Map; California Area 4 00 ^2 Q Rock dugout at Lower Masonic 00 c 55 3 Ruins of Middle Masonic 00 o Chemung Mine near Masonic 00 v* Remnants of Upper Masonic 00 V 56 Collapsed log cabin 00 56 Pittsburg Liberty Mill and aerial tramway 00 ! VI Sunset at Success Mine 00 _______ 45 Windlass-equipped, well in Bodie 00 44 Hoist works of Red Cloud Mine 00 45 Early radial-arm saw 00 46 Close-up of 1860 radial-arm saw 00 47 Old dump wagon in Bodie 00 J 28 50 51 54 55 ' 4 �5-5-5 List of illustrations Photo Number 1 59 r 42 T 00 00^7 00 00 Grave of Evelyn Myers 00 } Map: California Area 5 00 /:> Washington Street in Columbia 00 Wells Fargo Building, Columbia 00 Front of Wells Fargo Building 00 S4 Fire wagon, Columbia 00 4/ Interior of drugstore, Columbia 00 51 52 55 49 ----------------------55 Green Street, Bodie / t> Main Street gildings, Bodie 48 50. . Eastern portion of Bodie Old buildings in Bodie 40 41 Psige 3 Fulton and Washington streets, Columbia 00 Narrow bridge over San Antonio Creek 00 } "3 Livery at Fourth Crossing Ci 00 4 Shade, high noon. Fourth Crossing 00 St, George Hotel, Volcano 00 4 (a Broad rock walk in Volcano 00 4 61 Old hydraulic gun, Volcano 00 60 JiQQT of old jail. Volcano 00 62 3^ Volcano’s famous Old Abe 00 66 ] 68 Q Wells Fargo Building, French Corral 00 3^ First long-distance phone office 00 7 56 58 ) 59 67 65 64 65 Elton 0. Smith, French Corral pioneer Longest single-span wooden bridge 4 Side view of longest bridge Covered bridge near Camptonville __________ I 00 7 00 7 7 00 00 7 �List of illustrations Photo Number Page 69 Old schoolhouse in French Corral f Map: Arizona Area 1 71 3 Machine shed at Silver King Mine 00 V ? 70 Q Grace Middleton, Queen of the Silver King 00 o 00 ? 00 V 72 V 75 Headquarters, Silver King Company Home of hard-rock miner ....................... X ................................ ..... J ’KenaecQ-bf. open-pit mine 7^ 15 ___ __________ QQ T M^: Arizona Area 2 5 Old residence in Cleator 00 Turkey General Store 00 3 Main residential districts, Cleator School built with WPA funds OQ 76 Cleator General Store 00 Crown King 00 Old building in Crown King 00 Doghouse in Crown King 00 82 00 80 Crown King /reneral store 84 House of pleasure, Crown King 85 . .... V? 00 15 ) .. ^7 § *^6 00 Moonlight on Crown King's ruins ...Ttl. ................................ ............. - •• ■ •' 00 86 / Bmish almost hides Oro Belle 81 Old company office and bank OQ ) 88 Mystery building, Oro Belle 00 89 Moving saloons by mule 90 ) Jerome clings to Cleopatra Hill ® I 00 s i 74 �List of illustrations Photo Humber Page 91 Church built of old powder boxes 00 o 92 Large abandoned buildings of Jerome 00 o 6 95 Little Daisy Hotel, Jerome 00 7 9^ Old home in Jerome 00 / n 9^ J Stanton as it appears today 96 Powder house near Stanton 00 I' 97 Cactus in rattlesnake country 00 ) I Buildings used in gold mining 00 p 99 Weaver’s tiny post office 00 100 3 Burned-out residence, Weaver ) 98 Mill ruins. Octave Mine ) 0 ©0 3 H 101 I ) 105 ^0* 0. Carlson and his ball mill 102 3 Rock water reservoir in Octave 00 105 b Bullion house. Octave 00 I 104 1Foundation laid SBT without mortar OQ o 00 p 7 00 n 7 Map: Arizona Area 5 00 106 I ^Roofless ruins, lower Goldroad 00 J 107 13 Adobe hotel, Goldroad 00 108 Building bxxrned to save taxes 00'^'^ 109 Grout-and-rock staircase 00 Beautiful desert flora 110 I 111 11 North entrance to Oatman 00 j 112 a? Lee Lruaber Company, Oatman 00 J 3 o 114 U Oatman's old drugstore 00 00 3 3 �6-6-6 \ List of illustrations Photo Number Palie 115 iMBX 116 Ruined parts of tramway Tramway, Tom Seed Mine QO 00 115 3 South end of Main Street, Oatman 00 117 7 Wild burros beg for snacks 00 No burros allowed 118 / I I 00 ) 00 ) 119 } Mill at Keystone Mine 120 k) Head frame, Keystone Mine QQ 121 3 Mineral Park’s second mill 00 / 3 122 ) Last building in White Hills 125 P i 00 f Cactus in White Hills cemetery 00 Map: Nevada Area 1 00 / H ? 124 Adobe walls. Bullfrog 00 ? 125 Hot sun curls shingled roof 00 ) 126 Sand-blasted headboard 127 Ornate gravestone, Bullefrog " Buildingj. 129 la 00 I 00 ) 0 00 I 00 } 150 Overbury Building, Rhyolite 151 Bars on windows of Rhyolite jail 128 Impressive depot in Rhyolite 00 152 Evening light on Cooke Bank Building 00 > b g Gold Point general store 00 ) L I 00 I /b/ 155 j 155 Q, Gold Point’s business district 00 ) \ 154 *2 Deserted mine near Gold Point 00 Old home, Lida 00 ) 157 1 �7«7-7 List of illustrations Photo Number 158 Page Small cabin in Lida J Map: Nevada Area 2 145 159 g Deserted Catholic Church, Belmont Main Street, Manhattan 00 ! QQ Yu OO-.. 00 J 140 Manhattan homes still in use 141 Mine shack and head frame 142 Parts of small stamp mill 145 Q Impressive rock work, Belmont 00 147 ZyLeaning wooding buildings, Belmont 00 148 144 00 I If 6 00 IC "I 00 J 00 )L ’71 Old cowboys never die I Belmont’s main thoroughfare 00 ) 7 149 Nye County Courthouse 150 Mill ruins near Belmont 146 Cosmopolitan Music Hall, Belmont 151 ) Ione from Shamrock Canyon Road 152 ‘5? Unusual rock home, Ione 153 3 Engine at Shamrock Mine 154 155 156 Once-fancy home Ione J Berlin is smog-free Old thirty-stamp mill, Berlin 158 ) Hoist engine, Illinois Mine 159 "p Wreckage of metal tanks 157 00 ] 00 ) V ^1 00 00 1 "7 OO^^l b Miners’ Union Hall, Virginia City -- 00 00.. m. ..... ..... . 00 1 00 I )??______ Small smelter built in 1878 / Map: Nevada Area 3 160 n / 00 00 ) f Y 00) G �vjist of illustrations Enoto Bumber i Page 161 S’ Two churches, Virginia City 00 162 p") Fourth Ward School, Virginia City 00 ) f f 165 I 4 Main Street, Virginia City 00 164 G Honky-tonk piano player 165\ p Old engine in Virginia City 00 169 p Massive head frame. Yellow Jacket Mine 00 167 S Beer wagon in front of brewery 00 168 I I Gold Hill Hotel C166 170 1^ Old railroad trestle ^Freight wagon at Gold Hill 'Z 7 (o' 00 00 I 00 I / Map; Nevada Area 4 171 p Smelter ruins at Monte Cristo 00 172 RHock foundations 180 years old 00 J 175 pRoof of building at Monte Cristo 00 d o 174 Ij Hamilton’s business district 00 ? 175 PUnknown building, Hamilton ooQ4 176 K Storm clouds above Treasure Hill 00'S o 177 pRuins of Withington Hotel 00 178 IJ Rock walls in Treasure City 00^3 179 pTreasure City’s main thoroughfare 00 180 RMine dump near Treasure City ooS f 0 181 1/ Old walls in Shermantown 00 'S I I 182 ^Crusher in Shermantown 00 S / S 185 1 Chimney of adobe smelter 00 o 0 J '7 �Photo' Hxunber j Map: New Mexico Area 1 186 187 3 Ooke ovens in Gardiner 00 S’! 3 Close-up view of coke oven 00 3 184- Tom Hay of Gardiner 00'^ ? 185 Company house in Gardiner oo'^^l 188 189 ^Mule drivers in Gardiner Foundations of coal washer 190 ) One of Dawson’s remaining homes 191 Mule barn made of cinder block 00^^ y 00 "J 00 Q ooQ'^ L 192 3 Power house and chimneys near Dawson 00 Q 195 Zy Italian gravestone, Dawson ooQ 9 oop s i ; Dickman Hotel, Colfax 195 196 199 197 198 200 201 202 205 Colfax Grade School and church oo5 'g :j 3 Adobe ruins near Colfax 00^ S J J Map: New Mexico Area 2 00 ^ 3 ■j Present fire station, Cerrillos 00^1^ ^General store, Cerrillos qq"3 2 3ire-ravaged hotel, Cerrillos 00^17 ) Unpainted homes in Madrid 00^ I 00^^^ QHotel on Madrid's main street gold 769 was a busy train 7Miners’ Amusement Hall oo'^ 00 ^Catholic Church, Madrid 204 / Map: New Mexico Area 5 00 y �10-10-10 KList of illustrations Photo Number Page 205 ^General Store, Mongo lion 00 3Renovated stores, Mongolion 00'3^9 206 Mine was a big producer ^Panney Mine near Mongollon 00 ^Cemetery cross made of pipe QQ 7Weathered wooden cross in graveyard 00 00 207 208 209 210 211 / Old town of Shakespeare 215 / Henry Olay Mine, Valedon 212 QCompany stores in Valedon 214 Huge opening, Atwood Mine 215 ^Surviving buildings, Valedon _____ [j 0 00 ^1^'3 QQ^ Ll* 00^^'^ _____ °° )Map: Colorado Area 1 216 ^Weathered old mill at Ho wards vi lie 217 3Anchored cable of aerial tramway 00^ 00 "7 7 3 00 00^ ^ 218 Turnabout wheel of tramway 219 i) Mountains behind Howardsville 225 ^Large boardinghouse, Eureka 224 ^Old boardinghouse still in use oo"^^ 220 f Miners' shacks, Eureka 00 221 '^Water tower. Eureka 222 225 229 251 Mine on slopes east of Eureka 00 *3 "3o ^Old wagon axle in Animas River 00 301d mill on Houghton Mountain 00 l^Distant view of Bagley Mine complex 00 9*^7 ^Buildings at Bagley Mine 252 00 8 �11-11-11 List of illustrations Photo Number Pase f6 227 / Tom Walsh home in Animas Forks 00 226 ^Summer snow at Animas Forks 00 ? V 228 250 255 Vriain street, Animas Forks [)IiOg jam across Animas Fiver °° _______ / Map: Colorado Area 2 QQ ? 3 Little log cabin in Irwin 3 Forest Queen Mine QQ 4/steam tractor at Forest Queen Mine 00 Cable hoist at Forest Queen Mine ^John Hahn, owner of Forest Queen Mine QQ 258 ^Gothic Town Hall, built in 1880 00 3 b p 259 I Old pay shack, Gothic OQ 3 Colorado mountains near Gothic 00 3 0 3 ) Map: Colorado Area 5 00 3 b 241 ^St. Elmo is lively ghost 00? ^6 242 J St. Elmo Fire Company and City Hall 245 "I Miners ’ Exahange, St • Elmo 254 255 256 257 240 qq'^^'^ } 00 3 b 00 3 & ) i^Sun curls St. Elmo boards 00 245 LFull moon shines on St. Elmo 00 3 I £)_____ 246 J Ruins of Turret 00 247 Qcity Hall in center of Turret qq3 248 3 Gregory Hotel, Turret 00 3 4 00 244 251 252 Store and meat market in Turret 3 b '7’ H 3 '^4 ^Log post office. Turret 00 4Turret in early morning light oq1> t L ----- -- —------------------------------------------------------------ �12-12-12 List of illustrations Photo Humber Page 255 f Calumet's stage station 254 Q Huge boulder at end of stage station 00 '? / 7 255 ^Boiler of Wolf's smelter 258 259 260 261 264 262 Ruins of homes, Wolf 00 00 ) Map: Utah Area 1 00 QSpring Canyon from north 00 3 Decapitated building. Spring Canyon 00 Hydrants protected against cold Insteps that lead nowhere j^Company store in Spring Canyon 007 265 7 Lone streetlight in Spring Canyon 00 3 3 o 266 SLarge machine shed. Spring Canyon ool 3 f 261 ^Building in Peerless 270 ) Giant blower near Standardville 26^ 268 r,' ^One of Wolf's finer homes 00 of Standard Mining Company 3Offices 271 )Company offices in Latuda 274 212 1 ?01d crane near Standardville 269 275 00 Old ore cars ^Welcome to the Mutual Store ^Latuda's small jail 00^5’7 �15-15-15 List of illustrations Photo Number Page Seattle wander through ruins of Mutual 275 276 277 7 Coal mine on Spring Canyon 00 00 3 7j I Utah Area 2 285 ^BuildiJigs in Frisco 00 3 286 3Hole in mountain near Frisco 00 ? 289 290 ^Twin skips at King David Mine Waste dump west of Frisco L>Small residence in Frisco V 292 295 QQ^ 00 287 288 / 00 Coal tipple, Mutual 7 Map 00 |7 Tattered remains of fancy dugout 00 Sunset over the King David j I Last business to close in £*Cisco 00 ^^ § 00 3 <^( Cisco Motel 00 3 s if 295 296 Open 24 hours Hold drilling rig at Cisco end list illustrations 00 3 �FOR HELLDORADO Norman Weis CALIFORNIA PHOTO DaSORIPTIClj n No. 1 The trackless trestle of the Union Mine curves his:h over the remains of Cerro Gordo No. 2 The American Hotel, built in 1871, is the fanciest structure in town. No. 3. Massive waste dumps of the Union Mine seem to A* threaten the existence of Cerro Gordo. No. 4 . One of the smaller sporting houses in town. Note the tiny rooms or **^ribs. No. 5 The Cerro Gordo '^Town Council'^ Jack Smith, Barby Smith (Mayor), Cecil Smith, and a "stranger," Hod Hodrlguez. No. 6. Hoops that once held wooden slatted vats together now frame the buildings at the upper end of town. / No. 7 . Cerro Gordo by moonlight. the backs'round . Keeler d^ry lake is in �a (cont No. 8. aock building in center is probably part of the Much of the original town<:^**‘^^ Wiii^ site has been covered with shifting sand dunes. old town of Swansea. No. 9 • Only a small portion of Swansea’s famous smelter is standing. No. 10. Deserted main street of Darwin. D No. 11 . Note the anemic on the hillside. Defunct cost office-general stored once sold Green Streak Gasoline. No. 12. Darwin’s little school house apparently served other purposes from I876 to I900. No. 13. Sxtensive company town just north of Darwin has been empty for (1^years. • Chimney of the old Norton residence in Hart is framed No. 14 by branches of a Joshua tree. No. 15 . The wooden flywheel and walking beam of Hart’s municipal water system carted in from San Francisco in I900. �(n nn M No. 16^ Sbowins' sl0:ns of two renovations, cabin at east end of Hart appears to "be in need of a third No. 17- Wooden barrel hoops form a fiorure ei-^ht around the old stirrins; paddle at an unnamed gold mine and mill on the hill above Hart, California. No. 18 . Strancre device was probably used to break clay deposits during second-effort mining in Hart. No. 19’ After crushlnor, clay was roasted and pulverized. No. 20 ’ Venerable old^^age ^tatlon in Barnwell was the first structure built and the last to remain. Building has been modernized and enlarged a number of times. No. 21 Water tank at Barnwell appears to have been con structed shortly before staple station was deserted. No. 22 • Sagamore Mine vallows frame stands over the collapsed remains of its hoist house. 3- �JfH.1 fnrnlfl—(. oontlnuoi!?-)' No. 23. **Tin >2^mp at the Sagamore Mine was built durlnar the later tungsten mininjr period. No. 24 Sagamore was remote^^and lime was scarce. Chimneys walls, and entire buildlncs were constructed with a minimum of cementlno: agent. No. 25- Buildings in Carlock were made of a variety of materials. The two in foreground are of sawn logs, the one at the rear is adobe. No. 26 • Larsre arrastra was once powered by steam engine. Wooden sprocket pulled four large drag stones in circular manner, crushing scold ore beneath. No. 27* Miller building^ erected in 1897, sported a classy^ * angled entrance. Buildlnsr served at various times as stage station, veneral store, and bar. No. 28 • Tuna-sten ore was hoisted up the slanted track and dumped into waiting ore cars. Huge quantities of scheelite, an ore of tungsten, were removed from the ground below Atolia. �Uo. Several larsje buildings In old Atolla are beginning to show the effects of weather and depredation. Buildings were probably boardInsC^uses and offices. Wo. All of Atolia’s many old mines seem to enter the ground at the same peculiar angle. Shafts proba. bly paralleled the slanting beds of ore. Wo. Deserted placer camp of Coolgardle once had every convenience, even a tree house. No. Marvelous example of a rock dugout at the site of lower Masonic, No. Middle Masonic, once the bustling commercial center of the trio of towns, now consists of two cabins and numerous piles of rubble. No. The Shemung Mine, two miles southwest of Masonic, is in the process of being reactivated. No. Remnants of Upper Masonic string out along a side canyon just east of Masonic Springs. �ggciif oimla ( eeatlnuogl > Mo. 36 Collapsed roof of old log cabin gives a rakish appearance to the eaves Mo. 37 Sunset at the Success Mine on the road between Masonic and Brid(report Mo. 38 The Pittsburg Liberty Mill processed ores from its own shaftand from the Serita, half a mile up the hill to the left of photo. Aerial tramway once connected the Serita with the Jiill No. 39 Honeycombed Bodie Bluff overlooks the Standard Mine and the eastern portion of Bodie, California No. 40 Prom left to right, the JPost pffice. Odd Fellows Hall Miners' Union Hall, ,M^rgue, and ^he Boone Store and Warehouse Mo. 41. * View lookincr east down Green Street. Methodist Church is at left, livery on Mo. 42 Expansive boardwalks fronted the buildings on the west side of Main Street �Oftlifognla (oont-tw No. 43* One of many windlass:equipped No. 4^’ Hoist works of the Red Cloud Mine, one mile south due: wells in Bodie. of Bodie, are now mounted at the western outskirts of town. The peculiar "ribbon" cable measures 1)6 by 5 inches 1 j" No. ^5‘ cross section. Ordinary table saw at leftj^ and an early version of a radials arm saw at the front of the shed. Long support arm pivoted at top, permitting saw to be drawn forward to cut lumber to length. No. 46 ‘ Close-up of the i860 version of the radlalt-arm saw shows blade, draw handle, lower drive wheel, and broken drive belt. No. 47,* This old dump wafron is worth an hour of stUdy. Hand-:cranked worm gear permitted bottom trap doors to be closed. A traln^like coupling was Installed at each endy^permittlng reversal without turn about. Rither axle could be locked 3 while remaining axle was used, for steering. �'Oalif epHlQ ( oontlnuod)-P No. 48 ♦ Fancy stone marks'the prrave of JSvelyn Myers, who died Just before her third birthday. No. 49. The corner of Pulton and Washington greets in Columbia, California, Hydraulicked area begins just beyond street end. No. 50 The Eagle Cottage, /he Gazette ^fice, and the Fallon Hotel and Theat^^jl^ line the west side of Washington Street. No. 51 Two rock vaults occupy rear portion of the Wells-^^Cirgo Depot and Stage Station. No. 52 • View to the north along Main Street, with Wells Fargo Building at left, Douvlass Saloon in the background. No. 53 Originally built for the King of Hawaii, fire wagon was found unclaimed in a San Francisco warehouse. Named Papeete,it became Columbia’s pride and joy in 1859. �■gcillf orni "I (Chiiil. 1 huliJ ) Mo, 5^* Interior of drua^store on the north side of Oolumhia’s State Street. Mo. 55 • The narrow 'brldae over San Antonio Greek at Fourth Grossing and hoof. now caters to travelers on foot Old liverv is in backaround^^* to the riaht, oriainal staae station is nearlyhidden in heavy arowth. No. 56 Shade at hiah noon in Fourth Grossina. No. 57 Liverv at Fourth Grossing No. 58- use only if needed for George Hotel, built in 186? graces the lower end of Volcano’s i4ain Street, No. 59 • Looking north along shaded I4ain Street toward the old Ghinese store. No. 60 • Note the broad rock walk. The first two occupants of Volcano's jail were its builders. Hasp was well removed from door crack to prevent easy picking �■0*1 iPuiIlia (eoublnuBd No. 61. Old hydraulic ffun, or raammoth, stands at the main intersection In Volcano. Water entered at right, exited at high speed from nozzle at left. Wooden box held rock counterweights. No. 62* Old Abe, the cannon that won the war in Volcano. No. 6x. The longest single-span wooden bridge in the world spans the South Pork of the Yuba River,miles southwest of French Corral. No. . Built by David Isaac Johnwoodf in 1862, the alls wood bridge has an unsupported free span of 230 feet. No. 65 • Covered bridge south of Camptonville, built in I860, is still in use. No. 66 only if needed fop? Piton 0. Smith stands in front of the school he once attended? and later worked in as custodian. Gazebo at right is built community well. French Corral’s �No. 67. Office of the first lons^sdistance telephone line I the Mother Lode. Built in 1853, line connected the headquarters of the Milton Mining and Water Gompanv in French Corral /^wlth French Lake, miles away. No. 68 Wells-^argo Office in French Corral is shut tight with flr'e^roof metal doors. ^Tu^ only if needa^ No. 69* Moonlight over the old schoolhouse of French Corral Bell was stolen by vandals^ ^/^ter recovered. �gong’" *No. 77. u Jiiitslnuoal The Turkey General Store (later to be named Gleator) as It appeared In 192^?' Wo. 78 * One of the dozen or so residences that reiiain stand inp- in Heat or . No. 13 • Hock school^Jiouse built with Works Progress Administration (WPA) funds in the thirties^ • No. 80 • General store in Grown King has been in business for almost 100 years. . No. 81 • Triangular shape of Grown King was dictated by the railroad’s turiT^round facility. Saloon is at center, general store is to the left. ' No. 82 . Jet streams overhead contrast with one of the oldest buildings in town. No. 83 • The 1900 style of architecture common to mining towns is apparent even in this dog*7iouse in Grown King. — /1 - �ArlBowa • No. 8^ • Saloon, moved in from a neighboring town, once offered food, drink, and entertainment to the miners of Grown Klnsr. Outside stairway gave access to eight "going” rooms on second floor. . No. 85 * Old mill ruins and boarding houses reflect the light of a full moon. * No. 86 • Hemalns of Oro Belle are almost hidden by the lush growth. * No. 87 . Mine above town is the Rapid Transit. Fancy structure was probably company office and bank combination. Tilting wall at right allows little room to pass. * No. 88 • Vacant Interior of this structure makes speculation concerning its function rather difficult, but cup«la implies use as cook shack, assay office.or smithy. r » No. 89 • Stick by stick, the two saloons of Oro Belle were hauled up the mountain to Grown King. . No. 90'^ Jerome cline's tenaciously to the eastern slope of Gleopatra Hill. �' No. 91< Built by the pastor and parishioners .^church was constructed largely of old powder boxes, then covered with stucco. . No. 92 ' Wide wheels of heavvarduty wagon frame the powder­ house church of Jerome. Large buildings above are the abandoned grade school and hospital. Little Daisy Hotel as seen from the Daisy Mine. • No. 93 ‘ Hotel was home to single miners in the area. ' No. 9^ • Intent of sign on old home is not clear. Either humans should beware of vermin, or vermin should beware of the danger of a sudden slip downhill. * No. 95 . Larve stage station. store, and residence are.only A A remains of Stanton,\site of frequent foul play. . No. 96 . Powder house just east of Stanton once had stout metal door. •No. 97 Short wooden door poses a mystery. Adjacent to powder house. giant ^guaro ^actus overlooks an area noted for rattlers. �AiP'jfgown (13nnMnuefr)* . No. 98 • Two buildings of mixed construction probably housed goldiwashlng equipment. . No. 99‘ Weaver’s tiny post office, built in 1899. shows wide variation In the size of rocks used In its construction. 'No. 100. Burned*, out residence at east edge of Weaver overlooks slopes of Rich Hill, known for its numerous sold nuygets. 'No. 101* Mill ruins mark the site of the old Octave Mine, the only mine in the area to successfully tap an underground gold vein. of rock , No. 102 Diamonds-shaped water reservoir, bullty^in 1897 and still Intact, is one of Octave’s more durable remnants. ' No. 103. Gold was melted and poured into Ingots at the bullion house across the road from the Octave Mine and Mill. , No. 104 . Some of Octave’s rock foundation, still solidly in place, waye; laid up without mortar -/4 - �Ariaowa - nxipd .No. 105' 0.*'^Garlson checks drive mechanism on ball mill of his own unique desicrn. . No. 106- Lower Goldroad is covered with roofless remains of rook walls, stores, and residences. . No. 10? ‘ Twos-story adobe hotel, now in shambles, once stood proudly at the center of Goldroad. •No. 108* Gold ^^ad was burned down to save at taxes. Wooden roofs burned, but door and window casements somehow survived. . No. 109* Grout:and1 rock staircase leads nowhere. » No. 110. Desert flora has its own distinctive beauty. , No. 111. Empty remains 'he Lee Lumber Company and/^e Oatman Picture Show bracket the north entrance to Oatman, Arizona. Larye quartz outcrop thrustiny above horizon is named 'fThe Elephant’s Tooth ‘ No. 112 • Front of Oatman's Lee Lumber Company viewed from covered walk of deserted picture show buildlny. �Art. H o iiQ) (e 0 n 11 iiu agl) -y ‘ xVo. 113- South end of Oatman’s nearly deserted Main Street. Bulldiny at right was originallv a drugstore and soda shop. Memorial in the center of intersection is to Anna Sder, beloved citizen known for grubstaking most of the prospectors in the area. Although she died penniless, she once had sizable income from town property which in--* eluded most of Oatman’s red-light district. Mo. 114. Mow ^4ie Glory Hole,'*oat man* s old drugstore was recently "gussied up" for a role in the movie How^Mig West Was Won. Mo. 115 • Lower terminal of aerial tramway ends at head-^ quarters of the Tom Heed Mine at east edge of Oatman. No. 116 . Oil barrel rode the tramway continuously. Small cog^^eel below right wheel drove pump that lifted oil from the drum to the cable. Mo. 117 • Wild burros make daily forays along Oatman’s Main Street. Favorite snacks Include popcorn and dog food. - �jfeei&ovxA ' ( ,Z xNo. 118 If snacks are not offered on the street, burros will walk into stores to beg at the counter, Grace Kloehn, proprietor of a glass shop, heads •^Blackjack-^ off at the door. No. 119, Keystone i4ine stands over the remains of one of the mills at Mineral Park. Gerbat Mountains form , e ■ ' the backdrop. No. 120 Head frame of the Keystone Mine is about to collapse of its own weight. Massive tailings behind are from the stillaactlve Duval Mine. ✓ No. 121 Remains of Mineral Parks second mill, built about 18?^, appear insignificant when viewed against the gigantic Duval Mill. No. 122* The last structure in White Hills slowly eases its way toward the horizontal. No. 123 Barrel cactus volunteers as head board in the old cemetery of White Hills. 3ND ARIZONA PHOTO DESCRIPT �rnoTJ DJOjaiPTiw Mo. 124. Adobe walls mark the site of Bullfrog’s once- busy Main Street. Mo. 125 Hot sun has curled the shingles on roof of shack at the site of original Bullfrog claim. Mo. 126 Paint has protected portions of an otherwise sand blasted head board in Bullfrog’s cemetery. Raised letters read in part, "Anderson 1906." No. 12? • Ornate headstone in Bullfrog’s cemetery marks grave County, of Daniel G. Kennedy, born in Antigonish Scotia. ‘Mo. 128’ Nova Kennedy and Bullfrosr died the same year. Rhyolite’s depot is the town’s most Impressive remnant. Galled the finest in the state, the station served the Las Vegas and Tonopah Rail roadie. * Mo. 129’ John S. Cooke Bank of Rhyolite was built in I9O8, utllizlnfl' the local white rhyolite. Building was partially destroyed in I9IO to save on taxes. �Nt- u (uuiib Mo. 130 The Overbury gilding as seen through the re-* mains of the H. D. and L. D. Porter building. Overbury building, originallyQstories high, was equipped with a 5,000=gallon water tank on roof. No. 131 • Rhyolite X^ail was 1 located in the middle of the red-light district. Bars on windows were actually bars. No. 132 • Walls of Cooke^ank building are silhouetted by fading evening light. No. 133 Gold Point's most recently occupied business district consisted of a general store and post office. The sign aboi^e indicates the post office was the first to fold. No. 134 • One of a great number of deserted mines in the area southea|.s t of Gold Point. No. 135 Gold Point's earlier business district held post office, /l!he Horns liver Herald, office, and (1*3^ saloons. Observers claimed the town "extended almost as you watched it." -A.!- �)TaVADA (ooft 13 No. 137 Alternate fcrl35 One of the finer homes in the old gold town of Lida^ Mo. 138- Small cabin is dwarfed by massive tree at the south edge of Lida. Z -Mo. 139* Manhattan's Main Street was once a solid string of connected buildings. Structure at left was adapted for use as firehouse. .Mo. 140. The finest homes in Manhattan once lined the street on hill just south of town. A few of the homes are now used as summer retreats. Mo. 141 < Mine shack and head frame are Just a few steps east of Manhattan's deserted post office. 4-^ No. 142' Parts of a small stamp mill that once processed ore near the Mount Moriah Cemetery, a mile or so west of Manhattan. 2 2. - �i'leuaiga" (eowtlwuod-)' tx 'No. 143 • Catholic Church was moved In from deserted Belmont. The^,^>g?^iurch fell Into disuse a second time when /lanhattan also hecame deserted. thoroughfare iMo. 144 » West side of Belmont’s main tha^i^afapa held a general store mai»oppti-10 (ria;ht), undertaker’s parlor, and i4rs. Hushes’ Boardin*^^^se. No. 145. Hear view of build ina;s on east side of Main Street shows Impressive rock work. . No. 146 • Cosmopolitan Music Hall once hosted the famous Fav Templeton. z No. 14? Buckled and leanlnv, wooden structures at south end of Belmont will soon be reduced to foundations and rubble. No. 148 • Old cowboys never die. They Just pull their riys off the road. iz . No. 149 • Nye County Courthouse, built in 186?, had numerous chimneys serving heaters in every office. the late«-model horse trailer in foreground. - - Note �Nevada (oontlnuo^-} ’No, 150. Impressive ruins of the combination mill are Just east of Belmont. -A second^ more modern^ mill, also deserted, Is half a mile to the south. • No. 151. View of Ione from the Shamrock Canyon road shows the extent of the old town and the Influx of a new breed of traller-towln?? prospectors. No. 152. Trappings of the mining trade hang all about this small rock structure at the east end of Ione. Bars, made of ore car rails, are too widely spaced to serve any worthwhile purpose. No. 153. Old "hot head" engine at the Shamrock Mine half a mile southeast of Ione. •No. 154. Walls of this oncesfancy home at the west end of Ione are more than two feet thick. Fireplace In rear end wall Is flush Inside and out. No. 155. Berlin, smogrfree and uncongested �jfevad cai (o anti adi) thirty-stampy •No. 156- Old«'jQ ^tanip ^11 of Berlin stands at the i Interface of Ione Valley and the Shoshone Mountains. No. 157* Small smelter, built In I878, proved the local ore to be of sufficient value to warrant construe tlon of larger smelter seen In backvround. No. 158* When the Illinois Mine was In operation, boiler at rlflrht supplied steam to hoist ens^lne mounted on concrete pad to left of head frame. Ore was chuted Into the shed for sorting. No. 159* Metal tanks were either blown up or blown down. "Bases for the tanks can be seen at upper right. No. 160’ Y > Pipers Opera House, ^e Knights of Pj^thlas, Schoenfeld's Furniture, and the Miners' Union Hall stand In a row, one block off the main street of Virginia Gltv. / No 161^ St. Mary's ^n^he Mountains, built In I877, over?' shadows St, Paul's Splscopal Church on the down*^ side of Virginia City, -AS' “ �KTevada (cont inued) No. 162' Old Fourth Ward School had^f stories and fancy arches over the windows — but no fire escape/. No. 163. Once=bustling Main Street of Virginia City still bustles, especially on weekends. Town once boasted 100 saloonsand a yearly consumption of 75»000 gallons of hard liquor. No. 164* Delightful old piano nlayer orovides honkystonk music in one of Virginia City's better beer Joints No. 165 ‘ Snffine 27 of the Virginia and Truckee Railroad stands idle on a short piece of track in Virginia City. ' No. 166 » Much of the Vira-inla and Truckee line from Carson City to Vir,yinia City was either high trestle or deep rocky cut. Note people standing on walkway below tracks. ✓ No. 167 » Beer wasron once hauled barrels of beer from the brewery in background. Many buildine-s ^^Cold Hill have been renovated by their owners to be used as residences or summer homes. �'Ifevada (GOXibliiLiud')' No. 168* The Gold Hill Hotel was built on the site of the first recorded claim in town. It also had the distinction of being the first hotel in Nevada. ) No. 169, Massive head frame of the Yellow Jacket Mine stands on Gold Hill’s Main Street. Mine tapped gold and silver from the south end of the Gomstock Lode. • No. 170 Freight wagon is one of many wagons sprinkled about Gold Hill. Residents are restoring a variety of horse-drawn vehicles. No. 171 Smelters at Monte Cristo began operating in 1866, two years before the big strike at Treasure Hill, several miles to the east. grade local ore Smelter processed lowss never tasting the silver^bearing rock of the big strike due to Intervening raoun^^ tainous terrain. No. 172 Local sedimentary rock laid up by experts resulted in corners that have remained plumb for more than 180 years. �y»w.da (oontlnuagi) ISTo. 173 Interior of rock building In Monte Cristo shows repeated efforts to brace roof against collapse. Ito. 174. Hamilton’s business district held 101 saloons and stores doing general business. The double wall formed by adjacent buildings has managed to survive. Ho. 175 Arch of unknown building at north end of town demonstrates a quality of workmanship that proved unnecessary. Hamilton was deserted five years after it was incorcorated. Ho. 176. Storm clouds gather above Treasure Hill before descending on the remnants of Hamilton's resi^ dentlal district. Mo. 177. The vault, a tall corner, and large basement are all that is left of the Withinarton Hotel, one of Hamilton's finest. Mo. 178 ‘ Many of 1ites Treasure City’s buildings were several stories high at the downhill end. ^with sparine: use of mortar. I Malls were laid �■jJevaCla (caiifclnuii.d' ■fchoronghfare No. 179’ Treasure City's main jo^s occasionally to miss open shafts. Pogonlp Hld?e is in rljz:ht background, with Pancake Hange in the distance. No, 180' Odd structure on mine dump above Treasure City appears to have served as drive shaft or cable pylon. No. 181. Buildings in Shermantown are nearly buried in heavy growth. Walls of second building can barely be made out in left center of photo. No. 182 A gasoline engine once powered this secondieffort crusher mounted below small dam in center of town. dwindled Plow of water has yodwoo^ to a trickle, preventing further operation. No. 183 Chimney of Shermantown's adobe smelter was U. apparently never ^sed. Wooden forms still line �rnoTJ rrzi^ jairTTgw^ No. Tom Hay left one ghost town to move tato another. Tom and his son are presently the sole residents of Gardiner. No. 185 J of the better company houses left on Gardiner’s Main Streetj as seen from remains of Imposing rock structure^ No. 186 , Most of the 300 coke ovens In Gardiner were manned by Italian crews. The Italians were said to be resistant to heat. lighted , No. 187 • Oven was filled with coal and charcoal, then 3^ and sealed off with bricks. A day or so later, coke was removed. No. 188 - Mule drivers lined up for a picture. Goal hauling was considered a step above mining or coking. No. 189 * Foundations of coal washer fill the foreground. Lamp house is at the rear. No. 190 .Only a few of Dawson’s hundreds of homes are left standing. -So- �■tew iaegicia-4'e'3n.tilnuQa )"^ ‘Ho, 191* Hui® barn was made of an early form of cinder block. Mules were brouo-ht out of the mines once a month. .No. 192. Powerhouse, chimneys^and coke ovens cover a larpre area at the east eds^e of Dawson. 'No. 193- Italian headstone demonstrates the cosmopolitan nature of the early citizenry In Dawson. Grosses in background are a small portion of the 400 graves of mine disaster victims. No. 19^ • Dickman Hotel at Colfax operated under several names and served a number of purposes. At one time it was a general merchandise store on the first level, with IJooms for rent above. No. 195. Much planning went into the Colfax Grade School. BuildInv also served as church. No. 196. Adobe ruins are found just north of the Colfax School, Hock water tank is in the backarround. 3/- �New Me al o o (e , No. 197- Inucd) The only store in Gerrilios retains the fancy letterinsr placed there by a movie company. Owner has changed name at top of slfpi with a minimum of effort. . No. 198. Two elderly residents of Oerrillas died when the rock hotel burned. Remaining resldentSy^purchased a fire engine Wo. 199 ’ newly purchased fire ensrlne^ in CerrilloS. * Wo. 200 • Long rows of unpainted homes still line the streets of Madrid . ' Wo. 201 . Hotel on the main highway throuprh town once offered board and bed to bachelor miners. ► Wo. 202 • . five-mile , Old 769 was kept busy making the run to Waldo. Train hauled coal out and water back to Madrid. No. 203* iMiners* Amusement Hall contained game rooms, club-rooms. —seventy-five cents and ball rooms. Dues were 5 2.- per month. *—* �Stew- Mqxioo (-eon-blnued)— No. aoi)' Gathollo Church of Madrid had unusual entrance with storage beneath. Structure was stucco^ covered adobe and rock. No. 205. Combination store and smithy at east end of Moncrollon sports a classy false front above patch.' work siding. No. 206. Old saloons, boarding houses^and stores have been renovated to serve as theaty!^, summer residence^ and museum. No. 207. Panney Mine was the largest producer in the Mongollon area. Tallinsrs of the mine once slid down canyon, wiping out the Maud S. Mlll^ and damming the creek cassinar through town. it closed No. 208 The Pannev Mine has changed little since its aIjisutt, more than ^3^ years ago. No. 209. Miners of Mongollon showed great originality. Head*^ boards and crosses in the cemetery were made of slate concret^j^ even pipe and electrical conduit. 55 �Mexloo ■(-eant » No. 210- Althoucijh deeply carved, Inscription on old wooden cross is difficult to make out. No. 211, The date is 1896. Access to the old town of Shakespeare has been limited since owner, Rita Hill, lost her crusade ayainst the New Mexico Hlo^hway Department. » No. 212 • Several company stores occupied this 1onrock buildlnfi? in Valedon’s business district. No. 213 Most of the buildings in Valedon were blown up to save dent's No 214 . taxes. Walls of store and superinten survived the blast. Hu^re opening leads to smaller shaft just below the Atwood Mine at outskirts of Valedon. No 215 ’ Henry Olay Mine stands idle in front of remains of Valedon. Old 85'**Mine, just above school*~house at left, is still operating. 34 - �Wo. 216’ Weathered old mill Is the most Impressive remnant In Howardsvllle, Wo. 217. Anchor cable counteracted toppling effect of aerial tramway. Wo. 218 Main cable of tramway reversed direction by passing around the **^urnabout wheel. Wo. 219 Holst bar and old cabin are backdropoed by Macomber Hematite Lake is Just over Peak and Dome Mountain. the notch. Wo. 220 Miners’ shacks at 3ureka were placed well out on the flats to escape snow slides spawned by barren slopes. Wo. 221* Stout timbers would! indicate W^ot this small structure served oris'lnally as a water tower and was « later adapted to other use. Sunnyside Mill remains are in the background. Wo. 222 . Unnamed mine hanys precariously at top of talus slope just east of 3ureka. - 3 r- �golora^ n (o -nnt ¥o. 233. Larsre board ins^ouse at north end of Eureka is poorly located. Sprint floods and winter snoi^ slides threaten bulldlns^ annually. No. 224• In spite of its precarious location, old boarding^ house shows slyns of recent renovation. No. 225 ' Old wayon axle lies partly awash. Animas River, gentle In summer, can rampage during spring run off. No. 226 . Hills around Animas Porks are occasionally snon& covered even In midsummer. View from porch of fancy house ^o^^looks a similar residence, the Animas Hlver, remains of Golumbtts Mine and Mill. A No. 227 • Most pretentious house in Animas Porks was the home of Tom Walsh, discoverer of the Gamp Bird Lode near Ouray. No. 228 . Dilapidated zM^ln street of Animas Porks shows a variety of construction and renovation. - ^6- �‘Wo. 229, Houffhton Mountain, source of many snowslides, overlooks the old mill below t Wo. 230. Columbus Mine. Fresh snow adds a dappled beauty to Ior dam across the Animas Hlver, a mile or so dowrT^ stream from the town of Animas Porks. ‘Wo. 231 • The Bae-ley Mine complex as seen through the re mains of the Columbus Wine^ ' Wo. 232. Several build in,vs of the Bas-ley Mine, just west of Animas Forks were wined out bv recent snow' slides. •Wo. 233. Little los: cabin of Irwin, Colorado, is dwarfed by tall trees. . Wo. 234* The Forest Queen Mine biggest silver producer in the Huby Hange^ Wo. 235’ Steam tractor was used to power support machinery at the Forest Queen. Wo. 236- Powered by a converted World War II cable hoist of Forest Queen is still operable �■JoloradQ (eowtlnuttel-^ ♦No. 237‘ John Hahn, retired artillery officer, Is the present owner of the Forest Queen Mine at Irwin. No, 238* Town Hall at Gothic was built In 1880 and has since been frequently braced, cropped-and supported. 3ven the outside stairs are placed to counteract the lean. No. 239 * Old pay shack In Gothic has been restored without benefit of paint, Twelverthousandzfoot Mt. Gothic Is In backarround. No. 2^0. Mountains to the north of Gothic are amonsc Colorado’s most beautiful. Ascen, worlds famous ski area. Is Just over the top of Maroon and Pyramid ^/P^aks, No. 241 • St. 31mo, recently declared officially abandoned by the governor's office, has been a ghost town for many years, .^No. 242 ’ The St. 31 mo Fire Company and City Hall. Small, many-sided structure at front Is a phone booth. - 2- �ttoloi'ailu (bdntinueH No. 243« Obviously, the Miner's lixchana^51ffn on door correctly Indicates that fishing in the area is good. Sun and thin atmosphere of St. Slmo's high altitude cause boards to No. 245. bleach and curl rapidly Full moon hlerhllghts the fronts of buildings alon^ thoroughfare. St. ilmo's main Wno^fayoi. No. 2i^6 Huins of the western portion of Turret viewed from a rocky outcrop In center of town^ No. 247. City Hall overlooks central portion of Turret. No. 248 ♦ Gregory Hotel has some of Its Interior walls papered with old /ssues of the '^Gold Selt.*^ No. 249 Henson's Mercantile and Meat Market^viewed from porch of Gregory Hotel. No. 250 alternate format to 249 �No. 251. Log post office In foreground^ and Turner resly dence behind. Turner Mine tunnel entered the ground a few steps from the back door. No. 252. Hoofs of Turret catch the early morning light. No. 253 Trees now furnish the shade once offered by shlncled porch at rear entrance to Calumet's zS^apre y3^at 1 on. No. 254 • The stasre station reached Its full/yttfoot length when further construction was terminated by huge boulder. No. 255 • Calumet's only residential building consists off^ leaning walls and droonlng remnants of a covered porch. No. Small smelter Is the most Impressive building In Wolf, one of Colorado's least:known ghost towns. No. 257 * Long unused, boiler In Wolf's smelter has become a prime nesting site for local birds. �uolorai^o ( in Wolf/? Mo. 250- One of the finer homes No. 259. Trees 2:row in the middle of some homes in Wolf. Only faint traces of streets can be made out in this seldomivisited cohost town. �UTAH-PHOTO pgsoaiPTiaw--^ • No. 260* Sprln? Canyon ^lewed from a hill north of town) shows clinic at ria:ht, company store in center, community showers at left. . No. 261. This solid rock structure, like many in Sprint Canyon, was decapitated to render it uninhabitable/K and therefore untaxable. . No. 262 No. 263 Rubble-strewn stens lead nowhere. Company store in Spring Canyon sold general chandise, including raeat^, groceries, clothinsrif^ even gasoline. No. 264 • Water hydrants were boxed in to prevent freeze-up in cold weather. No. 265 Lone street light, lonv unlit, overlooks remains of south end of Soring Canyon. No. 266 Large machine shed, is located in main canyon at j the south end of Spring Canyon. �ti^o. 267, Ad for Never-aip overalls fills end of building in longsdeserted town of Peerless, a fevi miles below the town of Spring Canyon. . No. 268. Seemingly rusted in position, like the Tin i4an of The Wizard of O2, this old orane stands immobile on the outskirts of Standardvllle, Utah. No. 269, Offices of the Standard Mining Comuany overlook the remains of Standardville. ' No. Giant blower once sent life-giving air through the shafts and tunnels below Standardvllle. 'No. 271 Company offices of Latuda fill the narrow space between Main Street and bluff behind. « No. 272 Latuda's small jail is still in working order. Note the cast-in-place roof. No. 273. Old ore cars stand before the Hains Coal Company shops. �No. 27^ Welcome to the Mutual Store. Please watch your step. No. 275 ' Gattie wander through remains of old gas station at north end of Mutual. No. 276/ Longsunused shop of small unnamed coal mine above Mutual^ offers scenic view of the head of Spring Ganyon. No. 277 • Tall coal tipple stands in rigid support of plat­ form matching level of tunnel penetrating hill behind. No. 278 Walter B. Hanks was the only Bishop to hold services in Gaineville's LDS (Latter'E'av Saints) ! Church. No. 279 Giant trees date this old cabin of Gaineville. No. 280 Olive and Andrew Hunt of Gaineville and Giles tend ajarden in Hanksville during the summer, reside in Green Hiver in the winter. Note I Olive has asked that her photo be left out. I have asked for her permission again. If not granted, I’ll cross out her face and ask that the following caution be usedi �^Utah (-continued-^ No. 280 (continued) Andrew Hunt, of Giles, husband of Olive HuntX' of Gaineville, tends garden in Hanksville during the summer and resides in Green Hiver in the winter. No. 281 Old rock residence at west end of Giles once catered to travelers on the Galnevllle--tO’Hanks—'''^ Ville road. No. 282 Small cabin, overhung by large trees,' is birth­ place of Andrew Hunt, early resident of Giles, Utah. No. 283 Rock cabin of Notom, Utah, has lately been used as an animal shelter. No. 284 Small collapsed house ^^Notom, Utah, shows roof denuded of shingles. Washer dates last occupancy approximately 1940. •^No. 285 *l Machine shop in center catered to repair work for \numerous mines in the Frisco area. �■fBunLluued) Wo. 286 I One of several crreat holes in the mountain as seen from c<}moany offices in mining area Just west of Frisco^ •Mo, 28? Small duff out residence had fancy raised kitchen behind front room. . Wo. 288• Inside of fancy duF^cut shows ceiliny and walls in need of repair. No. 289’ Twin skips of the Horn Silver had rock deflectors overhead. Wo. 290 Wafe-fee. dump overlooks flats once occupied by the west suburb of Frisco. Wo 291 Alternate to 292 Wo. 292 Sunset over the King David Wo. 293 - Hotel, mote]^ and cafe, the last business to close in Cisco^ -4/6. - �•Ufcali (eowt iHued) � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Norman Weis Manuscripts Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a> Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1971-1987 Description An account of the resource A collection of manuscripts by Casper College professor Norman Weis. <br /><br />This collection includes manuscripts of:<br /><em>Ghost Towns of the Northwest: Known and Unknown<br />The Starduster<br />Two-Story Outhouse<br />Helldorados<br /></em><br />Each manuscript contains written in edits by Norman Weis Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Norman Weis Language A language of the resource ENG Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Norm Weiss Manuscripts and Photographs, CCA 10.2003.01 WyCaC US. Casper College Archives and Special Collections. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Searchable PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCA 10.2003.01_Weis_Manuscripts Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Manuscript Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource <em>Helldorados</em> Editing Information, Bibliography, and Photo Descriptions Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <div class="element-text five columns omega"> <p><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a></p> </div> Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1975 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Norman Weis Language A language of the resource ENG Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Norm Weiss Manuscripts and Photographs, CCA 10.2003.01 WyCaC US. Casper College Archives and Special Collections. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCA 10.2003.01_Weis_Helldorados_Info Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Searchable PDF https://caspercollege.cvlcollections.org/files/original/63cdf6bd4fdf05099b492367d258f851.pdf a2a48ea4aae09d23f2f069e4348e865c PDF Text Text i A CENTURY OF LOVE: rA New Interpretation of Shakespeare’s Sonnets �THE PREMIERE LECTURE in The Margaret Demorest Lectures in the Humanities A CENTURY OF LOVE: A New Interpretation of Shakespeare’s Sonnets by Margaret Demorest Casper College Casper, Wyoming Gertrude Krampert Theatre February 7, 1986 �THE MARGARET DEMOREST LECTURES IN THE HUMANITIES "A Century of Love” is the culminating program in the month-long 1986 Humanities Festival at Casper College; the lecture is the first in an annual lecture series which was created by Casper College in 1985 in honor of retiring instructor Margaret Demorest. It is funded by the Casper College Foundation and private donors. The purpose is to encourage research in the humanities and to provide programs which demonstrate the value that the humanities have in our lives. Each year a lecturer will be chosen on the basis of the originality of the proposal, its value as a contribution to the humanities, and the interest which the topic will hold for the public. Eligible to apply as a lecturer for this program is anyone whose research enhances some area of the humanities: art, music, drama, literature, foreign languages, philosophy, history, anthropology, or law. For more information write to: The Margaret Demorest Lecture Series Casper College 125 College Drive Casper. WY 82601 Funding for the 1986 Humanities Festival has been provided by Casper College Foundation Private Donations Wyoming Council for the Humanities Co-sponsored by Natrona County School District No. I Natrona County Public Library ARTCORE �CONTRIBUTORS Alpha Delta Kappa, Gamma Chapter Carolyn Deuel Norman and Anna Marie Ball Mrs. Beatrice Batten Mrs. Norma Bay Ms. Jane Bovie Mr. and Mrs. Richard Dorsey Mr. and Mrs. Robert Dove O. E. "Swede” Erickson Mr. and Mrs. Whitney A. Bradley William and Marietta Estabrook Mr. William F. Bragg, Jr. Ms. Betty Evenson Mrs. Sharon Brondos Dr. Robert and Madeline Brown Mrs. Rose Forrister Susanne (Sue) Barber Brubaker Fremont Beverages, Inc Ann Gaviotis Georgia Gaviotis Evelyn Brummond and James Herb Ms. Ann Burke Diane M. Ernst Mrs. Joan Fredriksen Mr. and Mrs. Brian Burke Dan and Ellen Burke Ms. Jean Goedicke Mr. and Mrs. Michael Burke Mrs. Johnnie Burton Mr. and Mrs. Paul Hallock Casper Business and Professional Mrs. Mary Hein Mr. and Mrs. James Herzog Women Greg and Karla Greenlee Rick and Verna Harker Ms. Laura A. Butler Mrs. Wilma Hoffman Dr. and Mrs. Robert K. Carlson Mrs. Phoebe Holzinger Robert and Shirley Jacob Marsha Hagen Jenkins Mr. Harold Josendal Bill and Jan Chambers Representative Dick Cheney Dr. Celeste Colgan Diane Collins Kinskey Mini Mart Foundation Mr. Ray Cook Ms. Julie A. Klinker Ms. Katherine Dexter Cottam Mr. John T. Daniels Arlene Larson Miguel and Sandy Leotta Don and Charlene Davis Gary and Karen Lewis Mrs. Kate Davis Ms. Melanie L’Hoste �Ms. Nancy Lichty Dr. and Mrs. Lloyd Loftin Carolyn Logan Ms. Maggi Lo)o Ronald and Lois Sargent Ms. Margaret Schilling Dr. William Seese Jim and Elaine Lowham Senator Alan Simpson Peter and Lynne Simpson Mr. Gus Luers Mr. John Stalick Mary MacDonald Mr. and Mrs. Tom Stroock Ms. Cynthia Matthews Mr. and Mrs. Richard Means Mr. and Mrs. Randall Stutheit Mr. and Mrs. Dan Sullivan Mr. Patrick Meenan Mr. R. W. Miracle Ms. Dyann Morrison William and Nona Muller Mr. and Mrs. Lynn Munns Nick and Maggi Murdock Wilhelm and Heather Ossa Mrs. Mary Thomas Mr. Clarence Thompson Mr. and Mrs. H. A. (Dave) True, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Diemer True Mr. N. P. Van Maren, Jr. Robert and Patricia Walker Mr. and Mrs. Dave Paden Robert J. and Annetta Walker Mr. Mike Swanton Curtis and Ellen Peacock Robert and Janet Walkinshaw Mrs. George Porter Mr. Herb Waterman Ms. Janet Waterman Mr. L. B. Putnam Mr. Craig Radden Ms. Jackie Watters Dr. Melon Raines Mr. and Mrs. Fred Wenn Mr. Bayard D. Rea Stan and Jean Wheatley Kenneth and Margaret Reed Mrs. Lola Reynolds Cecil and Carolyn Rhodes Mr. and Mrs. Lou Rognstad Mr. Houston G. Williams Mrs. Mary Frances Wilson Mr. and Mrs. Paul Wolz Ms. Kristin L. Rose Justice Robert R. Rose, Jr. Ms. Nadine W. Yocum Dr. Gail Zimmerman Ron and Alice Wicks �COMMITTEE FOR THE 1986 HUMANITIES FESTIVAL Paul Wolz, Chairman Paul Hallock Lloyd Agte Shirley Jacob Karen Lewis Rodney Mahaffey Barbara Crews Charlene Davis Margaret Demorest Ralph Masterson Curtis Peacock Tom Empey COMMITTEE FOR THE MARGARET DEMOREST LECTURES IN THE HUMANITIES Charlene Davis. Chairman Brian Burke Margaret Demorest Tom Empey Shirley Jacob Nona Muller Curtis Peacock Photography; Lighting Technician: Festival Posters: Donna Davis Douglas DeWoody Mark Weaver and Jeff Thompson Music; The Metropolitan Brass Quintet William Bailey Trey Demond Andrew Lund Lee Malody Roger Fenner Ushers: Phi Theta Kappa Stage properties courtesy of Plaim Furniture �PROGRAM "A CENTURY OF LOVE: A NEW INTERPRETATION OF THE SONNETS” The Metropolitan Brass Renaissance Music Quintet Welcome Dr. Lloyd Loftin President, Casper College Introduction Brian Burke Margaret Demorest Lecture (The content of this lecture is extracted from Prologue to Irigedy, copyright 1986 by Margaret Demorest.) A reception in the foyer and the student lounge of the Theatre will follow the lecture. �ABOUT THE SONNETS OF SHAKESPEARE The Sonnets of Shakespeare have been called "our greatest, perhaps our only, true love poems.” The customary interpretation is that they are autobiographical. Though the period of composition is uncertain, they are written in a tradition which became popular in England with the writing of a sonnet sequence by Sir Philip Sidney in 1582. Shakespeare’s Sonnets, with the exception of two sonnets printed in a collection of 1599, were not published until 1609, when Thomas Thorpe, a publisher of questionable reputation, entered them in the Stationer’s Register. By then Elizabeth I had been dead for six years and James was on the throne. The initials "T.T.” follow the dedication to a mysterious "Mr. W.H.” There is no evidence that Shakespeare authorized this publication or even that he arranged the order in which the sonnets appear. The original version carries no titles except arabic numerals. With the exception of one undated notation of purchase, there is no reference to the Sonnets until 1640, when most of them were reprinted by Benson along with other poems, though in altered order. Critics assume that the silence of more than thirty years indicates that the original version must have been suppressed by the authorities; there is no apparent reason. The Sonnets consist of 154 stanzas loosely held together by a vague plot uncharacteristic of Shakespeare’s method. One sonnet alone suggests a specific event—an anniversary. The only clearly unified group is the opening section where seventeen sonnets known as the "Procreation Section" plead with someone to marry and preserve his excellence in children. Approximately three-fourths of the sequence depicts a young man—apparently an aristocrat— who is referred to as the "Fair Friend,” a term which has been attached to the section celebrating this relationship—Sonnets I to 126. The portion which follows is centered around the other major character—a treacherous "Dark Lady.” She seems to be present briefly in the Fair Friend section between Sonnets 39 and 43. The only other character is a Rival Poet who flatters the loved one while the speaker-poet insists on truth. This section extends from #79 through #85 and is illustrated mainly with naval imagery. Though many writers have speculated as to the identity of these characters, no evidence has been conclusive. The absence of a source (some existing work on which Shakespeare based his writing) has added to the difficulty of interpreting the Sonnets. �SONNETS by SHAKESPEARE (1609 Quarto Version) #1 From fairest creatures we desire increase That thereby beauties Rose might never die, But as the riper should by time decease, His tender heire might beare his memory: But thou contracted to thine owne bright eyes, Feed’st thy lights flame with selfe substantial! fewell. Making a famine where aboundance lies. Thy selfe thy foe, to thy sweet selfe too cruell: Thou that art now the worlds fresh ornament. And only herauld to the gaudy spring. Within thine owne bud buriest thy content. And tender chorle makst wast in niggarding: Pitty the world, or else this glutton be. To eate the worlds due, by the grave and thee #3 Looke in thy glasse and tell the face thou vewest, Now is the time that face should forme an other. Whose fresh repaire if now thou not renewest, Thou doo’st beguile the world, unblesse some mother. For where is she so faire whose un-eard wombe Disdaines the tillage of thy husbandry? Or who is he so fond will be the tombe Of his selfe love to stop posterity? Thou art thy mothers glasse and she in thee Calls backe the lovely Aprill of her prime. So thou through windowes of thine age shalt see, Dispight of wrinkles this thy goulden time. But if thou live remembred not to be. Die single and thine Image dies with thee. �#9 Is it for feare to wet a widdowes eye; That thou consum’st thyselfe in single life? Ah; if thou issuelesse shalt hap to die The world will waile thee like a makelesse wife The world wilbe thy widdow and still weepe That thou no forme of thee hast left behind, When every privat widdow well may keepe By childrens eyes, her husbands shape in minde: Looke what an unthrift in the world doth spend Shifts but his place for still the world injoyes it But beauties waste hath in the world an end. And kept unusde the user so destroyes it: No love toward others in that bosome sits That on himselfe such murdrous shame commits. #16 But wherefore do not you a mightier waie Make warre uppon this bloudie tirant time? And fortifie your selfe in your decay With meanes more blessed then my barren rime? Now stand you on the top of happie houres, And many maiden gardens yet unset. With vertuous wish would beare your living flowers. Much liker then your painted counterfeit: So should the lines of life that life repaire Which this (Times pensel or my pupill pen) Neither in inward worth nor outward faire Can make you live your selfe in eies of men. To give away your selfe, keeps your selfe still. And you must live drawne by your owne sweet skill. �#18 Shall I compare thee to a Summers day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough windes do shake the darling buds of Maie, And Sommers lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimm’d. And every faire from faire some time declines, By chance, or natures changing course untrim’d: But thy eternall Sommer shall not fade. Nor loose possession of that faire thou ow’st. Nor shall death brag thou wandr’st in his shade. When in eternall lines to time thou grow’st. So long as men can breath or eyes can see. So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. #23 As an unperfect actor on the stage. Who with his feare is put besides his part. Or some fierce thing repleat with too much rage Whose strengths abondance weakens his owne heart; So I for feare of trust, forget to say. The perfect ceremony of loves right. And in mine owne loves strength seeme to decay, Ore-charg'd with burthen of mine owne loves might: O let my books be then the eloquence. And domb presagers of my speaking brest. Who pleade for love, and look for recompence. More then that tonge that more hath more exprest. O learne to read what silent love hath writ. To heare wit eies belongs to loves fine wiht. �#26 Lord of my love to whome in vassalage Thy merrit hath my dutie strongly knit: To thee I send this written ambassage To witnesse duty, not to shew my wit. Duty so great, which wit so poore as mine May make seeme bare in wanting words to shew it: But that I hope some good conceipt of thine In thy soules thought (all naked) will bestow it: Til whatsoever star that guides my moving. Points on me gratiously with faire aspect. And puts apparrell on my tottered loving. To show me worthy of their sweet respect. Then may I dare to boast how I doe love thee Til then, not show my head where thou maist prove me #61 Is it thy wil, thy Image should keepe open My heavy eielids to the weary night? Dost thou desire my slumbers should be broken, While shadowes like to thee do mocke my sight? Is it thy spirit that thou send'st from thee So farre from home into my deeds to prye To find out shames and idle houres in me The skope and tenure of thy jelousie? O no, thy love though much, is not so great, It is my love that keepes mine eie awake Mine owne true love that doth my rest defeat. To plaie the watch man ever for thy sake For thee watch I, whilst thou dost wake elsewhere From me farre of, with others all to neere �#55 Not marble nor the guilded monument, Of Princes shall out live this powrefull rime But you shall shine more bright in these contents Then unswept stone besmeer'd with sluttish time When wastefull warre shall Statues over-turne And broiles roote out the worke of masonry, Nor Mars his sword, nor warres quick fire shall burne: The living record of your memory. Gainst death, and all oblivious emnity Shall you pace forth, your praise shall stil finde roome Even in the eyes of all posterity That weare this world out to the ending doome So til the judgement that your selfe arise. You live in this, and dwell in lovers eies. #116 Let me not to the marriage of true mindes Admit impediments, love is not love Which alters when it alteration findes. Or bends with the remover to remove O no, it is an ever fixed marke That lookes on tempests and is never shaken; It is the star to every wandring barke Whose worths unknown, although his higth be taken Lov's not Times foole though rosie lips and cheeks Within his bending sickles compasse come Love alters not with his breefe houres and weekes. But beares it out even to the edge of doome: If this be error and upon me proved, I never writ, nor no man ever loved. �� Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Print program pamphlet Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A Century of Love: A New Interpretation of Shakespeare's Sonnets Description An account of the resource This is a digitized copy of the program for "A Century of Love: A New Interpretation of Shakespeare's Sonnets." This was the premier lecture of the Margaret Demorest Lectures in the Humanities. Researchers can learn about the history and purpose of the Casper College lecture series in honor of Margaret Demorest and the pursuit of research in the humanities. Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Casper College Language A language of the resource ENG Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Margaret Demorest Papers, CCA 10.2011.01 WyCaC US. Casper College Archives and Special Collections. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCA 10.2011.01_DemorestPapers_1986HumanitiesFestival Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Extent The size or duration of the resource. 14 pages Relation A related resource <a href="https://caspercollege.cvlcollections.org/exhibits/show/arts-and-humanities-ir/arts-and-humanities-faculty-sc">Casper College School of Arts and Humanities Faculty Scholarship, Pursuits and Publications</a> https://caspercollege.cvlcollections.org/files/original/536d1e8190570c16d409c0446337dd4e.jpg 097e96046d2543aa28981e59b5730624 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Webpage Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Passion And Persistence" 39th Annual Casper College and ARTCORE Literary Conference Webpage Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <div class="element-text"> <div class="element-text"> <div class="element-text five columns omega"> <p><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a></p> </div> </div> </div> Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2025 Description An account of the resource Screenshots of the Casper College webpage for the 39th Annual Literary Conference. Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Casper College Language A language of the resource ENG Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCA 04.ii.c.01_LiteraryConference_2025_WebpagePromo_06 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG https://caspercollege.cvlcollections.org/files/original/ddf4745bf9f4f63a596271e56da7933e.jpg faa2aa39666f6436dd43158a721756cd Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Webpage Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Passion And Persistence" 39th Annual Casper College and ARTCORE Literary Conference Webpage Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <div class="element-text"> <div class="element-text"> <div class="element-text five columns omega"> <p><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a></p> </div> </div> </div> Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2025 Description An account of the resource Screenshots of the Casper College webpage for the 39th Annual Literary Conference. Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Casper College Language A language of the resource ENG Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCA 04.ii.c.01_LiteraryConference_2025_WebpagePromo_05 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG https://caspercollege.cvlcollections.org/files/original/6873550136be56b98da88b95e0966d9a.jpg 4be5c167cf29034d5d20325ea84cf629 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Webpage Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Passion And Persistence" 39th Annual Casper College and ARTCORE Literary Conference Webpage Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <div class="element-text"> <div class="element-text"> <div class="element-text five columns omega"> <p><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a></p> </div> </div> </div> Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2025 Description An account of the resource Screenshots of the Casper College webpage for the 39th Annual Literary Conference. Type The nature or genre of the resource Image, Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Casper College Language A language of the resource ENG Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCA 04.ii.c.01_LiteraryConference_2025_WebpagePromo_04 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG https://caspercollege.cvlcollections.org/files/original/55c35f7cd665d50112f6f829bf2f253d.jpg c583fe7bc75ae93873112c94bc982a1a Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Webpage Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Passion And Persistence" 39th Annual Casper College and ARTCORE Literary Conference Webpage Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <div class="element-text"> <div class="element-text"> <div class="element-text five columns omega"> <p><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a></p> </div> </div> </div> Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2025 Description An account of the resource Screenshots of the Casper College webpage for the 39th Annual Literary Conference. Type The nature or genre of the resource Image, Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Casper College Language A language of the resource ENG Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCA 04.ii.c.01_LiteraryConference_2025_WebpagePromo_03 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG https://caspercollege.cvlcollections.org/files/original/c5e6b845cd95b75191fcd78a0481fc63.jpg eb330a235f15211325c11729f04ffd7d Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Webpage Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Passion And Persistence" 39th Annual Casper College and ARTCORE Literary Conference Webpage Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <div class="element-text"> <div class="element-text"> <div class="element-text five columns omega"> <p><a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a></p> </div> </div> </div> Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2025 Description An account of the resource Screenshots of the Casper College webpage for the 39th Annual Literary Conference. Type The nature or genre of the resource Image, Text Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Casper College Language A language of the resource ENG Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context CCA 04.ii.c.01_LiteraryConference_2025_WebpagePromo_02 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG