https://caspercollege.cvlcollections.org/files/original/633c9046bcc72c9d86d2e69ac3441749.pdf 45d74892b970746839bc3289b95b84f1 PDF Text Text Sunday was named for the sun, that gives light and heat to all and makes life possible on the earth. Monday is the day of the moon, queen of the night, as the sun is king of the day, Tuesday was named for Tiw, the younger brother of Thor, chief war god of the Norsemen. Wednesday was the day of Woden, supreme among the Anglo-Saxon divinities. Thursday takes its name from Thor, the thunderer, corresponding to Jupiter of the Romans, who hurled the lightning bolt and ruled over the sky. Friday was Friga’s day, Friga, or Freva, being the gentle goddess of love among the Norsemen. It became unlucky after the crucifixion of Jesus. Saturday v/as named in honor of Saturn, one of the old Roman gods, who presided over seed-sowing, and was supposed to provide mankind with plenty of food to eat and water to drink. Thus are the English names accounted for. But let us used by people who speak other languages: now examine a few of the names Sunday in Spanish is domingo,and in Italian domenica, both meaning Lord's Day. Monday in French is lundi, de­ rived from the Latin word for the moon. Tuesday in French is mardi, from Itoirs, referring back to Tiw, who was one of the war gods. Wednesday in French is mercredi, named for Mercury, the god of news. It was said that Woden knew-everything that happened; so this is simply a change from Norse to Roman. Thursday in French is jeudi, named for Jupiter, who corresponded to Thor. Friday in French is vendredi, named for Venus, the Roman goddess of love, corresponding to Friga among the Norsemen. Saturday in Italian is 3abate, corresponding to the Hebrew sabbath, or day of rest. �13. 1.939 's Freshmen Class In Powell High School ❖ Tribune Publishes One Of Very Rare Pictures Of Earl Durand He Received His Schooling At Powell, Where He Was A Bright Student. Earl Durand, of whom much has been said and written of late in every state in the country, is here shown with his schoolmates as 15year-old freshmen. This picture was taken in 1928— 11 years ago—to be used in the pub­ lication of a high school annual. Durand is found in the rear of the picture—the tallest boy with the bushy hair, standing with a group of other boys in the back row on the left hand side. The boy direct­ ly under the asterisk is the 15-yearold Durand, then a bright student in his class. That spring his name was found on the honor roll. Earl Durand quit school durinsr this first year in high school, and thus had little opportunity of par­ ticipating in any extra-curricular I activities, such as athletics. I This class to which Earl Durand belonged was the high school grad­ uating class of 1931. �MATEO TE^EE> CR- DEVIL’S TOWER Indian legend Says It Grew to the Heavens and Transfij'le’d Seven Indian Maidens as the Paleisades * 'it The Devils Tcwer, an extraordinary mass of igneous rock, is one of the most conspicuous features in the Bear Lodge section of the Black Hills region of Wyoming. The tower rises 600 fett above a rounded ridge of sedimentary rocks, which itself rises 600 feet above the Belle Fourche ^ver. Its sides V' V "X are fluted by great columns which stand nearly perpendicular except near the top, where they round in, and near the base, where they flare out. The base emerges into a talus of broken columns lying on a platform of buff sandstone. The whole presents a never-to-be-forgotten spectacle. y The great columns composing the tower are mostly pentagonal in shape but some are four or six sided. Each column is about^5feet in diameter, and the whole bunched together like a bundle of matches. In places severatl columns unite in their upper portion to form a large fluted column. In the lower quarter or third of the tower the columns bend outward and merge rapidly into massive rock which toward the base shows little trace of columnar structure. This structure is due to jointing that develops in igneous ro.cks as they cool. The diameter at the base of the tower is about 1,700 feet. 3toewas useful to the aborigines as a landmark from which to direct their courses across the plains. The Indian legend of its origin has it that one day three Sioux maidens while out gathering wild flowers were beset by three bears. The maidens took refuge upon a large rock, which the bears were | also able to climb because they had long sharp claws. The gods, seeing the < maidens about to be devoured, caused the rock to grow up out of the ground. As Jthe rock grew the maidens climbed, but the bears fl^ilowed. At last, becoming ft exhausted, the bears could climb no farther and fell to their death on the J rocks below. The maidens then took the flowers they had gathered end made J L-i" « into a a rope rope with with which which they they safe safely lowered themselves to the ground below. 9 I ZX y*^them into i: ■■'L—'■""'■''■(fx The columnar structure is supposed toI have been caused by the marks of the * bears* claws. The Indians also say that during thunderstorms the''Thunder God^ , beat his mighty drum on the top of the tower, thus cassing thunder. legend would have us believe that seven Indian maidens wer^ ln~tne party when the bears tried to catch them, but after the maidens had climbed to the top of the rocT^ it grew so tall that it reached the heavens, where the maidens were transfigured forever as Paleiades, or the "Seven Sisters," which are in the neck of the constellation Taurus. The Indian name for the tower is Mateo Tepee, or Meto-ti meaning bear, or_be_i^r lodge."* Tue loneersor civllrrati on later oil fised tH© towel*' as a~landtnark in their exploration of the ^jreat Northwest. Still later the military leaders in the Sioux and Crow Indian’country during the Indian^ wars of the last century directed their marches by the aid of this ever-present tower, for it is visible in some directions for nearly a hundred miles < The area including ths tower, 1,152.91 acres in extent, was made a national monument by presidential proclamation dated September 24, 1906.x ^The is reached by a side trip of(^7jmiles from the Custer Battlefield ;Si^way and Black and Yellow Trail, two signed highways, which follow practically the same route thro^h northeastern Wyoming. The former is a direct route to Glacier National^rk, the /fatter to Yellowstone National ,/^ark. Moorcroft, ^S^miles dlstsmt, on the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy^yjfeil— road, is the nearest railroad point. The nearest settlement is Carlile. aod- pnr©^ ^ri^jg water "are provided-at ’ the monument for the tourist t-'Access to the tower at all times has been made possible through the construction by the National Park Service of a bridge across the Belle Fourche �TkM hiatorioal baokground of the DotII’b Tower datoe back ae ftur ae 1742, wlwB thp Freoflb treppere roaraed the plains aod used thia natural eurloalty aa a laadaafk* fhr on a elear day It could ho ao«o fmr nearly 100 ralles in mny dlrootleni. Later It guided the early pleaeere and the nllltary expeditions. Oeeoral Seott deaorlbea It <|aite fully in his records. Buffihlo« bear and deer abounded in thoae days and would weather th© storms of winter In the lee of this nighty rook* y W There is -very little known of the Indian life of the iatiedlate vlelnli^* though the Sioux and Crow| hunted and camped near the tower at tiasa. Traces of eld.eaaya er rillagea hare been found along the Belle Fourche river and Its tribtttarlea, and evoa today eld relics are ^ekad To the Indian it was a place of deep ryst«py snd'^big aedlolne. Rustors still persist of hidden oaves beaeath tiie tuhser idiere anMent ecuneils net. Several legendSy,Iinvo be«n handed de«« frott s»o gsneratlcsi to another.'^' On July 4» 1898, ■.■.ea ot ledgers made the first asoent, aftw more than a nifrh the-alil uf anltt li j ffo built a leddrr^y between the oolunns on the south sido of the tomn*. heavy wooden pegs were carried up the rooky slt^ to the alacat perpandioular wll, iriiere they were driven in a craok mdiioh extended about SOO feet up the fhoe. Fren there on up the elirh was uade over a oj^ushled and broksn eomer. Oa the day a^paftsted. Rodgers proved to the thousanda aseoabled that thC/^ower oould le sealed^ and planted ’’Old Glory* on the tdfihest point to nark the aohiev^en^ FiOka-etitl ta>ke prl«ia «> ©oat hhaw thmr wteioMaad jIA- rti*. years lat«r Mrs. Rodgers snde the ascent wlt}> out incidentjOnd fron ^tsn on the climb was nads kyt=dhfaeijOTnii m rwrty*^ others T-fe is to aay ham 11014 to uij xsoord was all found that the ascent waa aawb eaaier than the descent, cn top they were surprised to find cactus, cedar, sagebrush and graaaea growing. �It would seem that the orip-jnal name of this extraordinary early-day landmark suffered a change in its name by modern "historians," somewhat similar to other land­ marks arei historical events in Wyoming have been changed to please the fahcy of the more esthetic and modern writers. <From Princeton, New Jersey, on May 10, 1920, Major General H. L. Scott, retired, wrote to the president of the Historical Society of Wyoming, as follows: "l j^ave just run across some notes I made among the Kiowa, or Comanche, Indians of Oklahoma inany years ago, which may^of interest to the people of Wyoming.Mn relating the myths and traditions of his people I See-o-Plenty Camp Fireplaces told me one which undoubtedly relates to the Bear Lodge Rock near Sundance, Wyoming, which 1 inclose herewith. The Kiowa and the Kiowa- Apache certainly occupied the Black Hills country before the Cheyenne or Dakota. In a let­ ter from Illinois in 1862, LaSalle tells of their being south of the Pawnee—they made peace with the Cheyenne, or Arapahoe in 1840—so it must be a long while since the Kiowa lived in the Black Hills. Mallory, on the strength of Long Dog's winter circuit, states the Dakota did not discover the Black Hills until the time of our revolution (1776) but they saw the Black Hills long before that, for we read in Margry that LaVerendrye met Geris de la Pleche Collee o-Sioux des Prairies within sight of the Black Hills in 1743. The Kio’iva say they never knew the Dakota until they came down to the Arkansas in quite modern times, so the myth of the seven star girls has quite^respectable antiquity. '"''I used to hunt in the Bear Lodge or Upper Belle Fourche and have killed deer and antelope about that rock I felt outraged that Colonel Dodge should so violate prece­ dent or explorers’ ethics as to change the name in 1876 to Devil's Tower, a name with­ out taste, meaning, or historical precedent—which received its vogue because there were no white people in the countrjr when Warren and Kaynolds made their reports but were com­ ing when Dodge wrote his work, which was much"'eught after by the newcomers. I had the name Bear Lodge put back on the maps of the Department of Dakota with headquarters in Saint Paul in those days, and I am now writing to ask you to inform the people of Wyoming of the beautiful Kiowa legend about one of the most remarkable rocks in America and in the hope that good taste and historical precedent will appeal to the people of Wyoming to give its most remarkable rock its own aboriginal name,". L �In 1897, I See-o-Plenty Fireplaces, the Kiowa chief, said the Dakota Indians called this old landmark Meto-ti, meaning Grizzly Bear's Lodge. He said there used to be an uni-­ usual number of bears in that country. Captain W. F. Reynolds, in his report of explora­ tion of 1859-60, mentions it as follows; "Far in the distance up the valley of the Chey­ enne the eye noted the singular peak of Bear Lodge rising like an enormous tower.Cap­ tain G. K. Warren, afterwards General Warren, of Five Forks, Virginia, first recorded its name on the map of his exploration in 1855, from which, with that of Reynolds, the basic of the Eleventh infantry map of this section is made up.’it remained for Colonel Dodge/to change the name, without General Warren. warran"^ Ahe Belle Fourche river runs at its base, which is called the Bear Lodge river by the Dakota Indiansj to its junction^with the Mini-sha-sha, or ^ed Water, considered the main stream, and carries the name Red Water to its junction with the Cheyenne. We have taken the name from some French trapper. The Upper Belle Fourche sh^d be called the Bear Lodge, to the mouth of the Red Water. The Bear Lodge Rook can he. seen from a distance only up and down the trough of the Belle Fourche valley, because it is masked in the other two directions by the Bear Lodge mountains and the Little Missouri Buttes, all higher. I have seen it ninety miles away, looking up the trough of the Belle Fourche valley from the Shortpine Hills down the Little Missouri river below Saneville." During the first part of %tober, 1941, Devil's Tower came into greater promi­ nence when a young man named George Hopkins dropped onto the monument with a.parachute from an airplane. He was comp^elled to remain on the tower i f a'jid ftle nights before he could be rescued by two Alpinists J0Birwho came from the east. They ascended the rock after five hours of hard climbing. After resting for an hou^^-^ required nearly four hours for the three men to descend AsMMBBBSaik to the li of the tower. Tourist travel to the Devil's Tour National monument, exclusive of the nearly 7,000 sky-gazing spectators who watched the seveh-day rescue of Daredevil Hopkins in i-r, reached an all-time high in 1941. Newell Joyner, the monument custodian, re­ vealed that 32,960 persons paid the 50-cent’^-&sit to visit the geological wonder. Ad­ ding to the 7,000 Hopkins spectators to the number of paid visitors brings the total to nearly 40,000. Collection of,the 50-cent fee for entrance to the monument area was discontinued for theAyear on October 1, 1941, the day Hopkins bailed out of a J^apid City airplane and parachuted to the table-like top of the tower. He was rescued in the evening of October 7. Also not included in the official figures of the visitors to the tower vrere approximately 2,700 persons admitted without charge for the annual Accuracy, of Factual Material. must be u uestioned. The authentto-rty of fac iThenever an>edltor doubts al material in the Guide accuXacy of a statement � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Alfred J. Mokler Letterboxes Subject The topic of the resource Local authors -- Wyoming -- Natrona County -- Casper Casper (Wyo.) -- History Frontier and pioneer life -- West (U.S.) Natrona County (Wyo.) -- History Description An account of the resource The Alfred J. Mokler Letterboxes are a series of the larger archival collection that are his papers. Both his Letterboxes and his Notebooks available in this digital repository include holograph manuscripts, which is to say, manuscripts written in the author's hand. Much of the material in Mokler's Letterboxes dates to the 1920s and 1930s. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Letterbox 1-B Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Alfred J. Mokler Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Tribune Herald Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1939 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Alfred J. Mokler Papers, NCA 01.v.1992.01 WyCaC US. Casper College Archives and Special Collections. Description An account of the resource Letterbox 1-B contains a short essay titled "The Days of the Week," a Tribune-Herald article titled "Earl Durand's Freshman Class in Powell High School," and a manuscript copy of an essay titled "Fable of Mateo Tepee, or the Devil's Tower." 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